论吉利根基于女性视角的关怀伦理思想

发布时间：2018-03-17 12:48

本文选题：吉利根　切入点：女性视角　出处：《南京师范大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：卡罗尔·吉利根针对基于男性视角的传统道德提出了一条截然不同的基于女性视角的道德观,构建了新型的关怀伦理学体系。本文以三对概念一一独立关系与依赖关系、公正原则与关怀原则、权利道德和责任道德为核心,全面分析了吉利根基于女性视角的关怀伦理思想。吉利根反对把独立性作为道德的基础,以依赖为根据,强调道德的关系性；反对把公正作为道德的指向,以情感为依据,强调将关怀作为道德选择和判断的准则；反对把自我权利的获得作为道德的最终归宿,以自我与他人之间的关系为依据,强调对自我和他人的责任意识。吉利根的关怀伦理思想最大突破是在批判和继承传统道德发展阶段论的基础上,从女性的角度入手发展出一条全新的由不成熟向成熟逐渐迈进的过程的女性道德发展阶段论,主要包括自我保存倾向、自我牺牲的善、非暴力的道德三个阶段。同时吉利根还强调其理论思想的实践性,把女性视角融入西方的道德教育,提倡注重道德教育的性别差异性以及关系德性在道德教育中的重要作用。虽然吉利根的伦理思想还存在着一些理论缺陷,但它用另一种声音诠释了伦理道德。研究吉利根的思想理论不仅丰富了传统伦理的研究范围和方法,而且为研究伦理道德提供了新的视角；从现实意义的角度来说,研究她的思想对我国当代的道德教育以及和谐社会的构建也有一定的启示作用。
[Abstract]:Carol Gilligan for the male perspective of traditional morality based on a different perspective of female ethic based on the proposed, constructed the system of ethics of care model. In this paper the concept of one-to-one relationship with three independent dependencies, the principle of justice and the principle of care, right of morality and responsibility ethics as the core, based on the comprehensive analysis of Gilligan's ethics of care female perspective. Gilligan opposed to independence as the foundation of morality, to rely on to emphasize the relationship of morality; moral justice as opposed to the point, the emotional basis, emphasizes the care as a moral choice and judgment criteria; get opposed to their rights as the final destination of morality, the relationship between to self and others as the basis, emphasis on self and others a sense of responsibility. Gilligan care ethics thought the biggest breakthrough is in criticism and The tradition based on the stage theory of moral development, from the perspective of women to develop a new move gradually from immature to mature stage of the process of women's theory of moral development, including self preserving tendency, self sacrificing good, non violent moral three stages. At the same time also Gilligan emphasizes on practice theory thought, the female perspective into the moral education in the west, to promote an important role on gender differences in moral education as well as the relationship between the virtue in moral education. Although ethics Gilligan still exists some defects in theory, but it is another voice interpretation of ethics. The research not only enrich the theory of Gilligan's thought the research scope and methods of traditional ethics, but also provides a new perspective for the study of ethics; from the realistic perspective, research on her thoughts on China's contemporary road The moral education and the construction of a harmonious society also have some inspirations.

【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：B82-0

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