佩莱格里诺医学伦理思想研究

发布时间：2018-03-23 14:31

本文选题：埃德蒙·D·佩莱格里诺　切入点：医学哲学　出处：《湖南师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：佩莱格里诺是美国著名医学哲学家和医学伦理学家。佩莱格里诺基于医学哲学建构的医学伦理学是充满内容的、具有普遍适应性的内在于医学的医学伦理学。它回应了医学伦理学社会建构主义对医学伦理学同一性和完整性的销蚀,以及医学伦理学从实质伦理走向程序伦理、从追寻道德真理走向问题解决的后现代主义挑战。本文立足于医学伦理思想史研究佩莱格里诺医学伦理思想,同时也将佩莱格里诺医学伦理思想置于当代医学伦理学思想背景中进行研究。认为佩莱格里诺医学哲学通过明确医学本质、医学目的和厘定医学基本概念,为医学伦理学奠定了理论基础。佩莱格里诺基于信任的有利模式的提出和医学美德伦理的构建是基于医学哲学对医学本质和医学目的、医学基本概念的确认而展开的。佩莱格里诺基于信任的医患关系有利模式是基于医患信托性质、以病人利益为导向的医患关系模式。该模式既与希波克拉底传统的合理成分——一切为了病人利益相一致,同时也重视医疗自由主义传统所倡导的病人权利,回应了当今时代尊重病人权利的呼声。同时,基于信任的有利模式对医生提出了更高的美德要求。佩莱格里诺医学美德伦理的提出,一方面是基于医学规则伦理尤其原则主义的实践困境和理论失语,另一方面则源于医学美德伦理是医学的内在要求。佩莱格里诺医学美德伦理是以医学目的为旨归,追寻医学目的完满实现的目的伦理。佩莱格里诺认为医学美德伦理既不能替代也不能挤压医学规则伦理,并通过诉诸审慎美德实现医学美德伦理和医学规则伦理的结合。本文认为,佩莱格里诺医学伦理学研究范式具有独特性。与社会建构主义的医学伦理学和立足于后现代的程序伦理不同,佩莱格里诺基于医学哲学建构医学伦理学,提出了从医学哲学层面研究医学伦理学的范式。同时,基于信任的有利模式对有利和自主的融合以及医学美德伦理和医学规则伦理的结合,集中体现了佩莱格里诺医学伦理思想的综合性。佩莱格里诺基于医学哲学建构的医学伦理学也存在一些局限。其中,医学美德伦理将利他主义和自我利益对立起来,招致了要求过高和缺乏说服力的质疑。尽管如此,佩莱格里诺医学伦理学思想具有很强的融贯性和实践性,为我们正确认识医患关系、构建和谐医患、进行医德培育提供了富有洞见性的理论指导。
[Abstract]:Pellegrino is a famous American medical philosopher and ethicist. Pellegrino's medical ethics based on medical philosophy is full of contents. Medical ethics, which has universal adaptability, responds to the erosion of the identity and integrity of medical ethics by the social constructivism of medical ethics, as well as the transition of medical ethics from substantive ethics to procedural ethics. From the pursuit of moral truth to the post-modernism challenge of problem solving, this paper is based on the study of Pellegrino's medical ethics thought in the history of medical ethics. At the same time, Pellegrino's medical ethics thought was put into the background of contemporary medical ethics thought. Pellegrino's medical philosophy, by clarifying the medical essence, medical purpose and defining the basic medical concepts, It lays a theoretical foundation for medical ethics. Pellegrino's favorable model based on trust and the construction of medical virtue ethics are based on the medical philosophy of medical essence and medical purpose. Pellegrino's favorable model of doctor-patient relationship based on trust is based on the nature of doctor-patient trust. The model of doctor-patient relationship, which is guided by the interests of patients, is not only consistent with the reasonable component of Hippocratic tradition-all for the benefit of patients, but also attaches importance to the rights of patients advocated by the tradition of medical liberalism. Responding to the call of modern times to respect the rights of patients. At the same time, the favorable model based on trust puts higher moral demands on doctors. On the one hand, it is based on the practical dilemma and theoretical aphasia of medical rule ethics, especially the principle doctrine, on the other hand, it comes from the inherent requirement of medical virtue ethics. In pursuit of the goal ethics of the complete realization of medical purpose, Pellegrino believes that medical virtue ethics can neither substitute nor squeeze the ethics of medical rules. The combination of medical virtue ethics and medical rule ethics is realized by resorting to prudent virtue. The research paradigm of Pellegrino's medical ethics is unique. Unlike the social constructivism medical ethics and the post-modern procedure ethics, Pellegrino constructs medical ethics based on medical philosophy. At the same time, the favorable model based on trust is combined with the combination of medical virtue ethics and medical rule ethics. There are some limitations in Pellegrino's medical ethics based on medical philosophy. Among them, medical virtue ethics confronts altruism with self-interest. However, Pellegrino's medical ethics has a strong consistency and practicality, which can help us understand the doctor-patient relationship correctly and build a harmonious doctor-patient relationship. The cultivation of medical ethics provides insightful theoretical guidance.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：B82-059

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