道德从知到行转化的影响因素探析

发布时间：2018-04-17 14:36

本文选题：道德从知到行转化 + 神经生理　；参考：《吉首大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：道德由知到行转化,一直以来是道德教育者和研究者们孜孜以求的美好愿望,但现实上,道德知行不一定顺利转化,即有很多人知道怎样做才是符合道德的,但现实上却并没有这样去做,甚至做出与道德认知相悖的行为。尤其是改革开放以来,我国建立了市场经济体系,经济得到了前所未有的增长,但由于多种文化因素的入侵、各种价值观涌现、以及各种利益诉求的出现,导致传统的道德价值体系面临着前所未有的挑战,人们在道德上出现知行不一现象。道德知行不一是指道德主体道德认知与道德行为存在不一致,主要有三种情况:一是知而错行,二是行而不知,三是知而不行。传统知行合一观念认为,人只要学习掌握了道德知识,就一定会将自己所掌握的道德知识转化为道德行为。但事实上,道德由知转化为行并不是一个必然的线性逻辑过程,这其中还有许多中间环节,还要受到很多因素的影响。道德从知到行转化可以从三方面来探究道德知行转化的中间条件,一是根据道德神经生物学的最新研究进展,我们认为在人的大脑中,肯定存在着一种或几种神经生理物质,它(们)在道德知行转化过程中提供一定的物质支撑,起着物质中介的作用;二是道德知识转化作为一种社会中的人的活动,受到一定的社会道德情境影响;三是从主体主观而言,道德主体的知情意及其之间相互组合、相互作用,这种组合及相互作用会给主体道德知行转化产生重要影响。结合当前道德心理学的研究成果,要促进主体在道德上知行合一,不仅要考虑人脑的神经生理情况,以及主体所处的道德情境,还要考虑在主体认知道德,道德是否真正深入人心。因此,道德认同可以作为道德知行转化的一个重要中间环节。一方面,经过道德认同,主体更加理性地认识和反思道德,一经认同,就更加容易做出道德行为;另一方面,逻辑地看,道德认同经由主体心理而将道德判断、道德推理和道德行为贯通起来,在人脑神经的支撑下和外在道德情境的支持下,经过道德认同环节的主体更加容易将道德认知转化为道德行为。
[Abstract]:The transformation of morality from knowledge to action has always been the good desire of moral educators and researchers. But in reality, moral knowledge and practice do not necessarily change smoothly, that is, many people know how to do what is moral.In reality, however, it does not do so, or even acts contrary to moral cognition.Especially since the reform and opening up, China has established a market economy system, the economy has been unprecedented growth, but due to the invasion of a variety of cultural factors, the emergence of a variety of values, as well as the emergence of a variety of interests.As a result, the traditional moral value system is facing unprecedented challenges.The difference of moral knowledge and behavior refers to the inconsistency between moral cognition and moral behavior of the moral subject. There are mainly three kinds of situations: one is knowing but wrong, the other is doing but not knowing, and the third is knowing but not.The traditional concept of integration of knowledge and action holds that as long as one learns and grasps moral knowledge, one will certainly transform his own moral knowledge into moral behavior.But in fact, the transformation of morality from knowledge to action is not an inevitable linear logic process, which has many intermediate links and is also influenced by many factors.The intermediate condition of moral transformation from knowledge to action can be explored from three aspects. First, according to the latest research progress in moral neurobiology, we believe that there must be one or more neurophysiological substances in the human brain.It (we) provide certain material support in the process of transformation of moral knowledge and action, play the role of material intermediary, second, the transformation of moral knowledge, as a kind of human activity in society, is influenced by certain social moral situation;Third, from the subjective point of view, the moral subject's knowledge, emotion, mutual combination and interaction will have an important impact on the subject's moral knowledge and behavior transformation.In order to promote the integration of knowledge and action in morality, we should not only consider the neurophysiological situation of human brain and the moral situation of the subject, but also consider the cognitive morality of the subject.Is morality really popular?Therefore, moral identity can be regarded as an important intermediate link in the transformation of moral knowledge and practice.On the one hand, through moral identification, the subject can understand and reflect on morality more rationally, once it is identified, it will be easier to make moral behavior; on the other hand, logically, moral identity will be judged through the subject's psychology.Under the support of human brain nerve and external moral situation, the subject of moral identification is easier to transform moral cognition into moral behavior.
【学位授予单位】：吉首大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：B82-0

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