史怀泽“敬畏生命”伦理思想研究

发布时间：2018-06-02 16:38

本文选题：敬畏生命 + 生态伦理　；参考：《长安大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：阿尔贝特·史怀泽（Albert Schweitzer，1875～1965，又译施韦泽,史怀哲等），是当代具有广泛影响的哲学家、神学家、传教医生、音乐家，并于1954年获得诺贝尔和平奖。他创造性的提出“敬畏生命”的理念思想，引发了伦理学的理论革命，将伦理学带入了新的发展阶段，并且为现代生态伦理学的提出奠定了理论基础。 “敬畏生命（Reverence For Life）”是史怀泽伦理思想的核心，也是伦理学发展的转折点。史怀泽认为，我们要敬畏一切生命，承认自然界包括动物、植物在内的生命，，否认以富有价值和缺少价值、高级和低级区分生命，这就体现了伦理的关怀范围扩展到了所有的生命，是一种真正的伦理。本论文从伦理的视角，采用归纳法和价值分析的方法，对史怀泽的伦理思想和实践进行了整体的研究，深入探讨了史怀泽伦理思想的现实价值。通过结合国内外研究现状，概述史怀泽伦理思想的研究价值。进而，从史怀泽伦理思想的时代背景和理论渊源出发，探究了史怀泽伦理思想形成的主要原因和背景。系统的研究分析史怀泽伦理思想的三个主要内容，即复兴文化的社会伦理思想，自我完善的个人伦理思想和“敬畏生命”的生态伦理思想；在此基础上，深入剖析了史怀泽“敬畏生命”伦理思想的内涵，即否认生命有高级和低级、富有价值和缺少价值之分，如同敬畏自己的生命一样去敬畏其他的生命。最后，通过对“敬畏生命”伦理思想理论和实践方面的局限性，挖掘史怀泽生态伦理观对于我国的现实意义，即人与自然和谐发展的理论原点；道德责任从人到自然拓展的理论支撑；人类中心主义与非人类中心主义的张力制衡。从而提出对于我国生态伦理思想构建的对策和建议：一是要建立具有中国特色的生态文化，二是要确立我国生态伦理观的基本措施。“敬畏生命”伦理思想无论从理论上还是实践上，对于当代人类的整体发展都具有巨大的影响。
[Abstract]:Albert Schweitzer 1875, Schweitzer, Schweitzer, Schweitzer, etc., is a contemporary philosopher, theologian, missionary, musician and Nobel Peace Prize winner in 1954. He creatively put forward the idea of "reverence for life", which triggered the theoretical revolution of ethics, brought ethics to a new stage of development, and laid a theoretical foundation for the presentation of modern ecological ethics. The reverence of life For life is the core of Schweitzer's ethics and the turning point of ethics development. Schweitzer believes that we have to fear all life, recognize life in nature, including animals and plants, and deny that life is distinguished by value and lack of value, high and low. This reflects that the scope of ethical care extends to all life, is a true ethics. From the perspective of ethics, this paper makes an overall study of Schweitzer's ethical thought and practice by means of induction and value analysis, and probes into the practical value of Schweitzer's ethical thought. This paper summarizes the research value of Schweitzer's ethics thought by combining the current research situation at home and abroad. Then, from the historical background and theoretical origin of Schweitzer's ethics thought, this paper probes into the main reason and background of the formation of Schweitzer's ethics thought. The three main contents of Schweitzer's ethical thought, namely, the social ethics thought of reviving culture, the self-perfection of personal ethics thought and the ecological ethics thought of "reverence for life", are systematically studied and analyzed. This paper deeply analyzes the connotation of Schweitzer's ethical thought of "reverence for life", that is, denying that life has high and low levels, rich in value and lacking in value, and reveres other lives as if it were in awe of its own life. Finally, through the limitation of the ethical thought theory and practice of "reverence for life", the author excavates the realistic significance of Schweitzer's ecological ethics view to our country, that is, the theoretical origin of harmonious development between man and nature. The theoretical support of moral responsibility from man to nature; the balance of tension between anthropocentrism and non-anthropocentrism. Therefore, the countermeasures and suggestions for the construction of ecological ethics in China are put forward: first, to establish ecological culture with Chinese characteristics, and secondly, to establish the basic measures of ecological ethics in our country. The ethical thought of "reverence for life" has a great influence on the overall development of contemporary human beings, both in theory and in practice.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B82-091

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