“康德与萨德”:导向真实伦理学

发布时间：2018-06-07 16:37

本文选题：康德 + 萨德　；参考：《现代哲学》2017年02期

【摘要】：黑格尔曾提出无限判断的说法,无限判断就是把两个极端差异的概念联系起来。类似地,在康德和萨德这两个极端差异的思想家那里,存在着"康德即萨德"的说法。"康德与萨德"问题,最早由霍克海默和阿多诺在《启蒙辩证法》中提出。此后这一问题被法国精神分析学家拉康重新提出,并被拉康理论的卓绝阐释者齐泽克持续思考。康德提出"为义务而义务"的道德律令,和萨德的"为欲望而欲望"的彻底之恶原则,具有同样的形式主义特征。由此,康德的道德律令呈现出拓扑学上的莫比乌斯带现象,即颠倒为萨德式的彻底之恶的伦理原则。康德伦理学的萨德式悲剧揭示了道德形式主义的局限,呈现了主体的生存悖论。象征秩序(大他者),造就了主体性,但也造就了短缺主体。对此,主体只有采取象征性自杀的方式,敢于直面创伤性的真实界,以行动来对抗他者,才能获得自由和重生。由此,"康德与萨德"问题,在拉康和齐泽克的真实伦理学和行动理论中得以解答。
[Abstract]:Hegel once put forward the idea of infinite judgment, which is to connect the two concepts of extreme difference. Similarly, Kant and Thad, two extremely different thinkers, have the term "Kant is sad." The question of Kant and Thad was first raised by Horkheimer and Adorno in Dialectics of Enlightenment. Since then, this question has been raised again by French psychoanalyst Lacan, and continued to be thought by Zizek, the outstanding explainer of Lacan's theory. Kant's moral law "obligation for duty" and Thad's "desire for desire" have the same formalistic characteristics. From this, Kant's moral law presents the Mobius belt phenomenon in topology, that is, the completely evil ethical principle of THAAD. The THAAD tragedy of Kant ethics reveals the limitation of moral formalism and presents the paradox of existence of the subject. Symbolizing order (the other creates subjectivity, but also creates the subject of shortage. Therefore, only by taking symbolic suicide, daring to face the traumatic reality and taking action against others can the subject be free and reborn. Thus, Kant and THAAD are answered in the real ethics and action theory of Lacan and Zizek.
【作者单位】：广西大学公共管理学院哲学系;
【基金】：广西高校人文社会科学重点研究基地“区域社会管理创新研究中心”招标课题“同意论启示下我国意识形态管理创新研究”
【分类号】：B82-02

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