儒家建构士人劳动伦理的策略与历史考量

发布时间：2018-07-01 07:47

本文选题：士 + 知识分子　；参考：《改革与战略》2017年01期

【摘要】：先秦儒家运用"名分论",将劳动的自然分工"伦理化",终为中国传统士人搭建起一种脱离田间生产的劳动价值理论;后世儒家又运用文字学的改写策略,分离"劳""思",在汉字文化体系中进一步完善了士人劳动伦理的话语系统和概念范畴。同时,墨家以劳动为本位的积极性劳动伦理的式微,佛、道两家对于劳动和农业的消极态度,也都将中国士人推置劳动场域之外。相较于新教伦理对于西方近代劳动精神的再建,传统中国士人的劳动伦理迄于近代"儒商"的出现,亦稍见转机。但是,在"士道"(非正式制度层面)和王权政治(正式制度层面)的长期规定下,儒家不健全的劳动伦理已成功支持并鼓励了"君子固穷"的财富理念和"守穷"的行为选择。检讨传统士人的劳动伦理,也是应对马克思主义劳动价值理论"修正风"的一个极好警醒。
[Abstract]:In the pre-Qin period, the Confucianists used "the theory of distinction" to make the natural division of labor "ethicalized", which eventually set up a theory of labor value for the Chinese traditional scholars, and the later Confucianists used the rewriting strategy of philology. The separation of "labor" and "thought" further perfects the discourse system and conceptual category of scholars' labor ethics in the Chinese character culture system. At the same time, the decline of the positive labor ethics of Mohism based on labor, the negative attitude of Buddhism and Taoism towards labor and agriculture also pushed the Chinese scholars out of the field of labor. Compared with the reconstruction of the western modern labor spirit by Protestant ethics, the labor ethics of the traditional Chinese scholars has changed slightly from the appearance of modern "Confucian merchants". However, under the long-term stipulation of "Shi Dao" (informal institution level) and Wang Quan politics (formal system level), the unsound labor ethics of Confucianism has successfully supported and encouraged the "monarch and the poor" idea of wealth and the behavior choice of "keeping the poor". To review the labor ethics of the traditional scholars is also an excellent warning to the Marxist theory of labor value.
【作者单位】：广西民族大学政治与公共管理学院;
【基金】：2014年度国家社科基金一般项目“中国特色的社会养廉机制研究”(14BZZ034)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：B82-092;F014.2

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