儒家的“修身”论及其内生现代性转化

发布时间：2018-07-22 21:10

【摘要】：儒家的"修身"论是儒家伦理的重要内容。儒家高度重视"修身"的作用,认为它既有提高个人道德水平即"自立"的重要功能,也是齐家治国平天下的基础。儒家"修身"论的目标是提升境界,完善人格,成德成仁,成圣成贤。为此,儒家还提出了一系列具体的"修身"方法,其中比较重要的有反己论、慎独论、重微论、改过论等。反己即"反求诸己",也可称作内省。反己一方面要求人们见善思齐,另一方面要求人们见不善知自省。慎独是在别人看不到的独处情况下,也能谨慎小心地认真遵循道德规范行事,不因无人监督或无人注意而胡作非为。重微强调的是道德修养须从小处入手,从而实现根本的变化,它所重视的是道德的积累过程。改过要求人们不掩饰过错,并且尽力自觉、及时、断然的改过。儒家的"修身"论虽然是一种历史资源,但其中的不少内容对现代人的人格修养具有重要的启发意义,仍具鲜活的现实生命力。引伸出来的话题是,在今天的历史场景下,我们应该理直气壮地弘扬以儒家伦理为核心的中国优秀传统道德,促进中华优秀传统文化的创造性转化和创新性发展。
[Abstract]:Confucian theory of "self-cultivation" is an important part of Confucian ethics. Confucianism attaches great importance to the role of "self-cultivation", which not only improves the personal moral level, that is, "independence" important function, but also is the foundation of ruling the country. The goal of Confucian theory of self-cultivation is to improve the state, perfect personality, and become virtuous and saintly. Therefore, the Confucianists also put forward a series of concrete methods of "self-cultivation", among which the more important ones are anti-ego theory, cautious independence theory, emphasis on micro-theory, reform theory and so on. Opposition is called introspection. On the one hand, it requires people to see the good, on the other hand, it requires people to think about themselves. Caution is the ability to act carefully and conscientiously in a situation of solitude that no one else can see, and not to act indiscriminately because no one is watching or paying attention to it. The emphasis is that moral cultivation should start from the small place so as to realize the fundamental change, and what it pays attention to is the process of moral accumulation. Change requires that people do not conceal their mistakes, and try their best to change consciously, in time, and categorically. Although the Confucian theory of "self-cultivation" is a kind of historical resource, many of its contents have important enlightening significance to the personality cultivation of modern people and still have fresh realistic vitality. The topic is that, in today's historical scene, we should carry forward the Confucian ethics as the core of China's excellent traditional morality, promote the creative transformation and innovative development of Chinese excellent traditional culture.
【作者单位】：黑龙江工程学院思政部;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金重大项目(2015MZD014) 黑龙江省社会科学规划项目(15ZXB04) 黑龙江工程学院博士科研基金项目(2012BJ26)
【分类号】：B825

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