正义与关怀之间:当代道德教育的另一种可能

发布时间：2018-08-26 16:27

【摘要】：近代以来,西方社会的主流政治理论普遍持有一种基于"平等主义共识"的正义思维。正义思维以对主体自由的平等尊重为前提,赋予现代德育重要的"自主""自律"内涵。然而,以自由权利为基调的正义思维,偏重契约性的程序正义,本质上着力的乃是基于"权益计算"的契约性的原则遵守,它隐含着对于具体个人的积极关注以及与此相关的共同体感的可能削弱。对此,以女性主义为代表的当代政治理论家声称,迫切需要一种"基于具体关系保护、倡导积极责任担当"的关怀伦理。围绕现代道德生活的基础,正义思维和关怀伦理在"普遍原则与特殊情境"、"要求权利与承担责任"之间各执一端,以反思的形式提供了一幅当代道德教育必须兼具"正义和关怀"的完整理论和实践图景。
[Abstract]:Since modern times, the mainstream political theory of western society generally holds a kind of justice thought based on "egalitarian consensus". On the premise of equal respect for subject freedom, justice thinking endows modern moral education with the connotation of "autonomy" and "self-discipline". However, the justice thinking, which is based on the free right, emphasizes the contractual procedural justice. In essence, it is based on the contractual principle of "rights and interests". It implies a positive focus on specific individuals and a possible weakening of a sense of community associated with it. In this regard, the contemporary political theorists, represented by feminism, claim that there is an urgent need for a caring ethic based on the protection of specific relationships and the advocacy of positive responsibility. Around the foundation of modern moral life, just thinking and caring ethics hold one end between "universal principle and special situation" and "demanding right and assuming responsibility". In the form of reflection, it provides a complete theoretical and practical picture of "justice and concern" in contemporary moral education.
【作者单位】：北京师范大学价值与文化研究中心、哲学学院;
【基金】：国家社科基金一般项目“现代西方公民观反思研究”(11BZX059)阶段性成果国家留学基金委2016年度项目“英国公民教育的当代理论与实践”(201606045014)资助研究成果
【分类号】：B82-051

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