当代可持续生存法则下的经济伦理研究

发布时间：2018-09-06 09:20

【摘要】：本文的核心问题是研究当代可持续生存法则下的经济伦理。之所以进行本论题研究,一方面是因为当代经济增长方式导致了人类生存危机,另一方面,当代经济伦理学还没有形成统一的伦理法则。本文试图确立一条不同于传统经济伦理学伦理法则的新的可持续生存法则,作为当代经济伦理学的基本法则,进而进一步建构当代以可持续生存为核心的经济伦理秩序。围绕这一主题,本文从当代经济伦理问题产生的可持续生存论前提、对传统经济伦理法则的批判、可持续生存法则下的经济伦理的初步建构,以及可持续生存法则下的经济伦理在当代的实践策略等方面展开了研究。当代经济伦理问题产生的前提——可持续生存论前提。经济伦理是一种在人类经济行为中所持有的价值观。可持续生存价值是当代人类的最高价值,因此,经济伦理也应该服从这一最高价值追求,把可持续生存价值作为当代经济伦理问题研究的出发点。从可持续生存论的视角看,经济伦理应该突破传统的价值观,立足于全球经济秩序的生存和谐问题,探索经济行为中生存与反生存的悖论,最终形成人类可持续生存的伦理保障。可持续生存法则下的经济伦理是对传统经济伦理学基本价值理念的一次超越。本文通过对传统经济伦理学伦理法则的分析和批判,为建构当代可持续生存法则提供理论铺垫。传统的功利主义经济伦理法则和理性主义经济伦理法则都存在着各自的弊端。功利主义经济伦理法则过多注重从物质利益的条件出发,因而不能使伦理法则成为具有必然性的经济行为法则。理性主义经济伦理法则过多注重抽象人性论分析,因而很难把普遍的经济伦理法则落实在经验实践之中。本文立足于当代人类可持续生存问题,分析了经济伦理应该回应的基本问题,结合当代人类生存危机和资本逻辑的现实困境,分析经济自由、经济权利平等和经济分配正义这三个基本问题,从而得出如下结论:三个问题的研究都要以人类可持续生存作为最高的价值原则,这就形成了可持续生存的经济自由、可持续生存的经济权利平等、可持续生存的经济分配正义三个基本问题。可持续生存法则下的经济伦理是在马克思的历史唯物主义的基本原理基础上,结合当代人类生存危机的现实提出来的。因此,可持续生存法则下的经济伦理是对历史唯物主义在经济伦理学中的拓展性应用。站在历史唯物主义的视角看,资本逻辑是当代人类生存危机的总根源,因此当代的历史唯物主义对资本主义的批判获得了生存论内涵。马克思的政治经济学批判中蕴含着经济伦理学的可持续生存法则,结合马克思的剩余价值学说和马克思对经济结构的分析,阐明其中包含的可持续生存的价值预设。当代经济增长方式是导致人类生存危机的直接根源。传统经济伦理学探讨的基本问题是在经济活动中所发生的人与人之间的伦理关系问题,它把人与自然之间的关系排除在伦理学之外。从当代人类生存危机的角度看,不利于捍卫人类可持续性生存和发展的目标。因此,当代经济伦理学应该把可持续生存法则确立为经济伦理的最高法则,一切行为都要以不违背共同体的可持续生存为最高原则,即建构可持续生存法则下的经济伦理,经济自由、权利平等和分配正义都应被置于可持续生存这一伦理法则之下才是有意义的。这是对传统经济伦理学的突破。可持续生存法则下的经济伦理落实在现实中的过程是生态文明建设的核心内容。
[Abstract]:The core issue of this paper is to study the economic ethics under the contemporary law of sustainable survival. The reason for this study is that the contemporary economic growth mode has led to the crisis of human survival, on the other hand, contemporary economic ethics has not yet formed a unified ethical law. This paper attempts to establish a different from the traditional economic ethics. As the basic law of contemporary economic ethics, the new sustainable survival law of the ethical law of science will further construct the contemporary economic ethical order with the core of sustainable survival. Around this theme, this paper will criticize the traditional economic ethical law from the premise of the sustainable existence theory that the contemporary economic ethical problems have produced. The preliminary construction of economic ethics under the law of existence and the contemporary practical strategies of economic ethics under the law of sustainable survival have been studied. It is the highest value of contemporary mankind, therefore, economic ethics should also be subordinate to this highest value pursuit, and regard sustainable survival value as the starting point of the study of contemporary economic ethics. The paradox of survival and anti-survival in economic behavior eventually forms the ethical guarantee of human sustainable survival. Economic Ethics under the sustainable survival law is a transcendence of the basic value concept of traditional economic ethics. This paper analyzes and criticizes the ethical principles of traditional economic ethics, and provides a basis for the construction of contemporary sustainable survival law. The traditional utilitarian economic ethics and rationalist economic ethics have their own drawbacks. The utilitarian economic ethics pays too much attention to the conditions of material interests, so it can not make the ethics become the inevitability of economic behavior. The rationalist economic ethics pays too much attention to the rules. The abstract theory of human nature makes it difficult to put the universal economic ethics into practice. Based on the problem of sustainable human existence, this paper analyzes the basic problems that economic ethics should respond to, and analyzes economic freedom, equality of economic rights and economy in the light of the crisis of human existence and the realistic predicament of capital logic. The three basic problems of distributive justice are concluded as follows: the study of the three problems should take the sustainable survival of human beings as the highest value principle, which forms three basic problems: the economic freedom for sustainable survival, the equality of economic rights for sustainable survival, and the economic distributive justice for sustainable survival. The Economic Ethics under the principle of Marx's historical materialism is put forward on the basis of the basic principle of Marx's historical materialism and the reality of contemporary human survival crisis.Therefore, the economic ethics under the principle of sustainable survival is an expanding application of historical materialism in economic ethics.From the perspective of historical materialism, capital logic is contemporary. Marx's critique of political economy contains the law of sustainable existence of economic ethics. Combining Marx's theory of surplus value with Marx's analysis of economic structure, this paper expounds the sustainability contained in it. The contemporary mode of economic growth is the direct source of the crisis of human existence. The basic problem discussed by traditional economic ethics is the ethical relationship between human beings in economic activities, which excludes the relationship between human beings and nature from ethics. Therefore, contemporary economic ethics should establish the law of sustainable survival as the supreme law of economic ethics, and all actions should be based on the supreme principle of non-violating the community's sustainable survival, that is, to construct economic ethics, economic freedom and rights under the law of sustainable survival. Equality and distributive justice should be placed under the ethical principle of sustainable existence, which is a breakthrough in traditional economic ethics.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B82-053

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