回归积极的技术伦理学

发布时间：2018-11-04 12:49

【摘要】：本文主要介绍了一种积极的技术伦理观。消极的伦理观通常认为伦理和技术是互相独立的,伦理仅在技术之外对其进行规范和管理,进而沦为了纯粹的审查清单表。积极的伦理观则认为,技术的本质决定了其内在具有伦理需要,伦理本身塑成了技术行为。因此,技术伦理学考察的重心和思路,从审查技术的危害转移到了从工程设计阶段塑成符合自身本质的技术,进而防止技术异化的慎思上来。积极伦理观和消极伦理观的根本区别,源自于对伦理和技术的本质的理解差异。消极伦理学将伦理学在实践上理解为消极的清规戒律(commands),把技术当成纯粹中立的工具。而积极伦理观则把伦理从实践上理解为积极的金科玉律(golden rules),把技术解读成一种特定的施为能力。
[Abstract]:This article mainly introduces a kind of positive technology ethics view. Negative ethics usually think that ethics and technology are independent of each other, ethics only regulate and manage it outside technology, and then degenerate into a pure checklist of examination. The positive view of ethics holds that the essence of technology determines its intrinsic ethical need and ethics itself forms the behavior of technology. Therefore, the focus and train of thought in the investigation of technology ethics has shifted from examining the harm of technology to forming a technology that conforms to its essence from the stage of engineering design, and then preventing the alienation of technology. The fundamental difference between positive ethics and negative ethics originates from the understanding of the essence of ethics and technology. Negative ethics interprets ethics in practice as passive discipline (commands), regards technology as a purely neutral tool. The positive ethics view interprets ethics as positive golden rule (golden rules), interprets technology as a specific ability of giving.
【作者单位】：北京师范大学哲学院;
【分类号】：B82-057

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