中国环境悬崖背景下生态伦理问题研究

发布时间：2019-01-06 12:47

【摘要】：我国自改革开放以来,经济迅猛发展的同时却引发了生态环境的悬崖困境问题,我们所处的生存环境濒临危机边缘。环境悬崖直接影响到经济的可持续发展、人民生活的安康、社会的稳定,甚至会对我们的生存造成巨大威胁。基于对环境悬崖的反思,敦促我们重新思考如何建设美丽中国。党的十八大明确提出要将生态文明建设摆在突出地位,可见深入研究生态伦理建设是现实的迫切需求,也是历史的必然。目前我国大部分地区不同程度地受到雾霾、水、土地等自然资源污染问题的困扰,生存环境有走向恶化的趋势。不仅人与自然环境关系相当紧张,而且人们所处的社会环境及精神环境领域同样面临着严峻挑战。雾霾红色预警、物质主义盛行、生态伦理信仰缺失等现象已凸显了这三类问题。研究分析了以上问题的成因是现代技术滥用、生态教育滞后、功利主义色彩浓厚以及制度法律不健全等因素综合作用的结果。环境悬崖倒逼出人们对生态伦理的新思考,探索实现美丽中国的路径。研究认为环境悬崖不是世界末日,人与自然的关系是可以调整的、可以达到动态的平衡。我们要正确对待人与自然的关系,人是自然的组分之一,既不在自然之上,也不在自然之外,而是存在于自然之中;批判了传统伦理学对这一问题的主客二分,明确人与自然协同进化及人与自然是有机整体的认知。在全社会营造生态化的环境,潜移默化地影响人们的日常行为,通过提高公民对外在环境的理解,促进公民对生态文化自觉的追求,进而激发人们向内的精神需求,深化生态共同体的认知思想。其次加强生态法治建设,发挥国家、社会、公民三者各自的主要作用,它们既有链条式的关系,又有立体交叉的网状结构,构成一个生态法治网——人们的行为底线。最后通过生态理念的教育,使人们清晰人的生态位,使生态伦理思想入家庭、入活动、入课堂、入脑直至深入人心,使生态自我逐步成长,专注于简约生活,做自己的主人,不被名牌、媒体所左右,实现人的全面、自由的解放。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, the rapid development of economy has caused the cliff dilemma of ecological environment at the same time, our living environment is on the edge of crisis. Environmental cliffs directly affect the sustainable development of economy, people's well-being, social stability, and even pose a great threat to our survival. Based on the reflection on the environmental cliff, we are urged to rethink how to build a beautiful China. The Eighteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly put the construction of ecological civilization in a prominent position, which shows that it is an urgent need of reality and inevitable to study the construction of ecological ethics in depth. At present, most areas in China are troubled by the pollution of haze, water, land and other natural resources to varying degrees, and the living environment tends to deteriorate. Not only the relationship between human and natural environment is very tense, but also the social environment and spiritual environment are facing severe challenges. The red warning of haze, the prevalence of materialism and the lack of ecological ethical beliefs have highlighted these three problems. The causes of the above problems are the result of the comprehensive action of the modern technology abuse, the lag of ecological education, the strong utilitarianism and the imperfect system and law. Environmental cliffs force people to think new about ecological ethics and explore the way to realize beautiful China. The study suggests that the environmental cliff is not the end of the world, and that the relationship between man and nature can be adjusted to achieve a dynamic balance. We should treat the relationship between man and nature correctly. Man is a part of nature, neither above nor outside nature, but in nature; This paper criticizes the dichotomy of subject and object in traditional ethics and clarifies the cognition that man and nature co-evolve and that man and nature are organic whole. Create ecological environment in the whole society, influence people's daily behavior imperceptibly, promote citizens' pursuit of ecological culture consciousness by improving citizens' understanding of external environment, and then stimulate people's spiritual demand towards the inside. Deepen the cognitive thought of ecological community. Secondly, strengthening the construction of ecological rule of law, giving play to the main roles of the state, society and citizens, they have not only the relationship of chain, but also the intersecting network structure, which constitutes an ecological rule of law network-people 's behavior bottom line. Finally, through the education of ecological concept, we can make the ecological ethics thought into the family, into the activity, into the classroom, into the brain and into the hearts of the people, so that the ecological self can grow up step by step, focus on the simple life, and be its own master. Not by the famous brand, the media influence, realizes the person's comprehensive, the free liberation.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B82-058

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