移情的道德叙事与论域检视——以斯洛特移情道德学说为中心的考察
发布时间：2019-01-24 08:35
【摘要】：迈克尔·斯洛特将"移情"这一心理学的热门概念援入道德领域,系统论证了一种强调"移情"在道德生活中起普遍决定作用的道德学说。但人类这种较为普遍的移情能力并非完满无缺,它自身存在诸多难以克服且与生俱来的缺陷,移情在道德领域并非具有如斯洛特所认为的那种普遍适用性和最终决定性,斯洛特移情道德学说的叙事范围与理论论阈需要认真检视。其一,基于"冷-暖移情"难以在旁观者与行为者之间建立起可靠的道德评价关系;其二,移情的"利他本性"很大程度上忽视了"自我移情"的重要性;其三,移情并不能提供斯洛特所认为的那种普遍道德解释能力。虽然斯洛特极力证明移情是一种较之理性主义更具道德优越性的"不证自明"的道德能力,但显然仅靠冷暖移情这种经验反应机制难以满足道德判断的实际需求,其道德有效性和移情机制有待进一步验证与完善。如若置这些难题于全然不顾,斯洛特以移情作为普遍道德基础的理论抱负更加难以实现。
[Abstract]:Michael Slote introduced the popular concept of empathy into the field of morality and systematically demonstrated a moral theory which emphasizes the universal decisive role of empathy in moral life. But this more general human empathy is not perfect, it has many insurmountable and inherent defects, and empathy in the moral field does not have the universal applicability and final determinacy, as Slote thinks, The narrative scope and theoretical threshold of Slote's moral theory of empathy need to be carefully examined. First, it is difficult to establish a reliable moral evaluation relationship between bystanders and actors on the basis of "cold and warm empathy"; second, the altruistic nature of empathy largely ignores the importance of "self empathy". Thirdly, empathy does not provide the universal moral interpretation that Slote believes. Although Slote tried to prove that empathy is a kind of moral ability which has more moral superiority than rationalism, it is obvious that it is difficult to satisfy the actual demand of moral judgment by relying solely on the empirical reaction mechanism of warm and cold empathy. Its moral validity and empathy mechanism need to be further verified and perfected. If these problems are ignored, Slote's theoretical ambition of empathy as the universal moral basis is even more difficult to achieve.
【作者单位】： 南京大学哲学系;
【分类号】：B82-06
本文编号：2414307
[Abstract]:Michael Slote introduced the popular concept of empathy into the field of morality and systematically demonstrated a moral theory which emphasizes the universal decisive role of empathy in moral life. But this more general human empathy is not perfect, it has many insurmountable and inherent defects, and empathy in the moral field does not have the universal applicability and final determinacy, as Slote thinks, The narrative scope and theoretical threshold of Slote's moral theory of empathy need to be carefully examined. First, it is difficult to establish a reliable moral evaluation relationship between bystanders and actors on the basis of "cold and warm empathy"; second, the altruistic nature of empathy largely ignores the importance of "self empathy". Thirdly, empathy does not provide the universal moral interpretation that Slote believes. Although Slote tried to prove that empathy is a kind of moral ability which has more moral superiority than rationalism, it is obvious that it is difficult to satisfy the actual demand of moral judgment by relying solely on the empirical reaction mechanism of warm and cold empathy. Its moral validity and empathy mechanism need to be further verified and perfected. If these problems are ignored, Slote's theoretical ambition of empathy as the universal moral basis is even more difficult to achieve.
【作者单位】： 南京大学哲学系;
【分类号】：B82-06
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相关硕士学位论文 前2条
1 姜天鹤;斯洛特的移情关怀理论研究[D];苏州大学;2015年
2 谈琰;斯洛特移情思想研究[D];南京师范大学;2016年
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