犯罪学习与模仿问题研究

发布时间：2018-04-03 21:22

本文选题：社会学习　切入点：犯罪学习　出处：《华东政法学院》2006年硕士论文

【摘要】： 犯罪既是一个历史范畴,又是一个时代命题。同世界大多数国家一样,正逐渐步入现代化的我国一直以来也在饱受犯罪问题的困扰。虽然犯罪的内涵与外延以及对社会发展的影响都深深打上了时代烙印,但一些经典的犯罪学理论仍可成为我们对付当前犯罪的理论武器。正如其他社会行为可以通过相互学习而获得一样,犯罪行为也可以通过模仿而习得,因而在我国一些地方出现的犯罪传播现象绝非偶然。然而令人不安的是,犯罪学习与模仿问题尚未引起我国社会有关部门的重视,或者未能针对犯罪复制与衍射采取富有成效的预防措施。在这种情况下,以犯罪学习与模仿作为研究命题,通过对犯罪学习行为的剖析,揭示其系统构成、发生机理等问题,以期在此基础上以保障我国公共秩序和社会安定为目的,就犯罪预测、犯罪预防以及犯罪人矫治等提出政策导向和应对措施方面的建议,无疑具有重要意义。本文第一部分从人类的学习本能出发,论证了在广泛的社会教化之下,犯罪学习其实是一种必然的正常逻辑。并且,在批判犯罪遗传学说的基础上进一步得出了犯罪是可以习得的结论。第二部分把对犯罪学习与模仿的探讨置于社会学的视角下,指出犯罪学习作为一种特定的社会学习,不仅是在社会生活中不同交往的结果,更是学习个体选择与同化的过程。第三部分指明了学习与模仿因素在犯罪综合动因系统中的定位:学习并不是犯罪的全部原因,但却是犯罪的重要促因。并且,多数人通过学习抑制犯罪而不去犯罪,具有模仿情结的人才易于犯罪学习与模仿。第四部分分析了犯罪学习的系统构成。心智健全的人都能学习犯罪,但有些人更具学习倾向。通过犯罪信息传导和榜样演示,他们可以学得几乎所有的犯罪类型,并且犯罪思想或方法等同样是学习内容。第五部分揭示了犯罪学习机制。如果说犯罪意志与犯罪心理的塑成是犯罪学习的一种必然,那么促使模仿发生的各种要素则是犯罪学习的一种必要,因而需要进一步了解犯罪学习的心理机制与动因机制。第六部分旨在结合当前社会实践,从法律的威慑效应、未成年人犯罪的预防、传媒的犯罪示范、刑事司法的启示四个方面论述了犯罪学习理论在社会实践与犯罪防控中的应用。本文最后指出,对犯罪学习的防控,实际上是犯罪整体防控的重要组成部分。尽管从根本上消除犯罪学习与模仿既不现实也不可能,然而我们仍可以致力于减少与控制它。这也正是本文写作的初衷。
[Abstract]:Crime is not only a historical category, but also a proposition of the times.Like most countries in the world, our country has been plagued by crime problem.Although the connotation and extension of crime and its influence on social development are deeply branded by the times, some classical criminological theories can still become the theoretical weapon for us to deal with the current crime.Just as other social behaviors can be acquired by learning from each other, criminal behavior can also be learned by imitation, so the phenomenon of criminal communication in some parts of our country is not accidental.However, it is disturbing that the problem of learning and imitating the crime has not yet attracted the attention of the relevant departments of our society, or failed to take effective preventive measures against the crime replication and diffraction.In this case, taking the crime learning and imitation as the research proposition, through the analysis of the criminal learning behavior, it reveals the system composition, the occurrence mechanism and so on, in order to safeguard our country public order and the social stability on this foundation.It is undoubtedly of great significance to put forward policy guidance and countermeasures on crime prediction, crime prevention and correction of offenders.In the first part of this paper, from the learning instinct of human beings, it is proved that under the extensive social education, criminal learning is a kind of inevitable normal logic.Furthermore, on the basis of criticizing the theory of criminal genetics, the author draws the conclusion that crime can be learned.The second part puts the study of crime learning and imitation under the perspective of sociology, and points out that as a specific social learning, criminal learning is not only the result of different communication in social life, but also the process of individual choice and assimilation.The third part points out the orientation of the factors of learning and imitation in the system of comprehensive motivation of crime: learning is not all the causes of crime, but it is an important cause of crime.Moreover, most people do not commit crime by learning to suppress crime, and people with imitation complex are apt to learn and imitate crime.The fourth part analyzes the system constitution of crime learning.Sane people can learn to commit crime, but some are more inclined to learn.Through the transmission of crime information and demonstration of example, they can learn almost all types of crime, and crime ideas or methods are also learning content.The fifth part reveals the mechanism of crime learning.If the formation of criminal will and criminal psychology is a necessity of criminal learning, then it is necessary to promote the various elements of imitation. Therefore, it is necessary to further understand the psychological mechanism and motivation mechanism of criminal learning.The sixth part aims to discuss the application of crime learning theory in social practice and crime prevention from four aspects: deterrent effect of law, prevention of juvenile delinquency, demonstration of crime by the media and enlightenment of criminal justice.Finally, this paper points out that the prevention and control of crime learning is actually an important part of overall crime prevention and control.Although it is impractical and impossible to fundamentally eliminate crime learning and imitation, we can still work to reduce and control it.This is the original intention of this article.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：D917

【引证文献】