下岗失业人员犯罪现象探究

发布时间：2018-05-16 01:36

本文选题：下岗失业人员犯罪 + 生存目标　；参考：《湘潭大学》2003年硕士论文

【摘要】： 笔者通过调查获得一些与下岗失业人员犯罪有关的经验性材料。下岗失业人员犯罪现象结构的特征是：财产性犯罪占主要地位；团伙犯罪突出；轻罪、故意犯罪、男性犯罪居多；新型犯罪有所出现。下岗失业人员犯罪的动态体现在两方面：第一、犯罪总量趋向增长；第二、犯罪结构趋向有机化。下岗失业人员犯罪原因的社会因素在于生存目标与制度性手段的断裂，此种断裂使得犯罪成为一些下岗失业人员的有效谋生方式。这一观点和默顿的理论相比较既有一定联系，，又有重大区别。联系表现为：两者都把目标与方法作为核心概念，通过目标与方法的结合模式分析个人的社会适应方式；区别在于：两者所指的目标在性质上不同；犯罪驱使力量上的解释不同；解释范围和解释力的不同。下岗失业人员犯罪原因的个体因素在于生理和心理方面。下岗失业人员的下列心理与犯罪相关：挫折；失衡；道德与法律意识软化；怕苦；空虚。针对下岗失业人员犯罪的特殊原因，必须要从宏观和微观两个不同层面对此进行综合防治，并以宏观防治为主。宏观层面的防治指对下岗失业人员生存目标与制度性手段的断裂进行弥补，具体包括再就业工程、社会保障和初始资本支持三个方面；微观层面的防治指对下岗失业人员进行有效的社会控制，具体包括司法控制、社区控制和社会心理控制三个方面。
[Abstract]:The author has obtained some empirical materials related to the crime of laid-off and unemployed persons through the investigation. The characteristics of the structure of the crime of laid-off and unemployed persons are that property crime occupies the main position, the gang crime is prominent, the misdemeanor, the intentional crime, the male crime are many, the new crime has come out and the crime of laid-off and unemployed persons is manifested in two First, the total amount of crime tends to increase; second, the structure of the crime tends to be organic. The social factors of the reasons for the crime of laid-off and unemployed people lie in the breakage of the survival goal and the institutional means, which make the crime an effective way to make a living for the laid-off and unemployed people. This view is not only associated with Merton's theory. There are significant differences. The relationship shows that both both take the goal and the method as the core concept and analyze the individual's social adaptation through the combination mode of the goal and the method; the difference lies in the difference in the nature of the target of the two; the interpretation of the power is different from the crime; the difference between the scope and the explanatory power of the explanation. The individual factors of the cause of the crime of the employees lie in the physiological and psychological aspects. The following psychology of the laid-off and unemployed persons is related to the crime: setbacks, imbalances, the softening of moral and legal consciousness, the fear of suffering and the emptiness. The special reasons for the crime of laid-off and unemployed people must be synthetically controlled from two different levels in the macro and micro levels. At the macro level, the prevention and control of the macro level means to make up for the existence of the laid-off and unemployed people and the institutional means, including three aspects of the re employment project, the social security and the initial capital support; the prevention and control of the micro level refers to the effective social control of the laid-off and unemployed people, including the judicial control and the community. Three aspects of control and social psychological control.

【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2003
【分类号】：D917

【参考文献】