司法鉴定意见质证的若干问题研究

发布时间：2018-05-21 19:55

本文选题：司法鉴定 + 鉴定意见　；参考：《华东政法大学》2008年硕士论文

【摘要】： 司法鉴定制度作为证据制度的重要组成部分,是保障司法公正,健全、完善司法制度的重要基础。由于历史、政治、经济、传统等众多因素的制约,以及在职权主义诉讼模式的长期影响下,我国的质证制度存在着缺陷,尤其在庭审中关于鉴定意见的质证更是问题颇多,实践中对鉴定意见的质证很难有效进行,通常是在诉讼中通过宣读鉴定意见的方式被诉讼参加人所了解,并且,鉴定意见通常很难受到理性的对待,有的鉴定意见被视为“科学判决”,随意采纳为定案根据;有的则受到当事人的无理质疑,鉴定事项被频繁申请重复鉴定;有的则对鉴定意见的质证认识不足,不认真进行质证或使质证流于形式。这样,鉴定意见的真实合法性就会存在质疑,而通过现行的司法审查程序又难以检验。有鉴于此,笔者就目前司法鉴定意见质证中存在的若干问题进行了研究,考察两大法系的做法,汲取可借鉴之处,对这些问题的解决进行了一些有意义的思考。本文除导言外共分为四章,全文约三万四千个字。第一部分为序论,主要阐述了司法鉴定意见质证的一般内容,对鉴定意见、鉴定意见的质证进行了概念界定,以及鉴定意见作为法定的证据种类之一,其质证所具有的内涵和意义。第二部分为问题论,根据我国现今实践中司法鉴定意见质证所存在的问题,从主观、客观、法律、历史的角度进行分析,可归纳为这几个方面:对司法鉴定意见的质证存在立法缺陷;对司法鉴定意见的质证缺乏严密的规则;司法鉴定意见的质证流于形式;司法鉴定意见的质证中控辩双方权利不对等;对司法鉴定意见的质证产生异议后的解决救济途径不清。第三部分为比较论,主要列举和分析了英美法系和大陆法系国家的(专家证言)鉴定结论的质证程序,他山之石可以攻玉,从两大法系的比较分析中得出对我国的借鉴意义。第四部分为思考论,是本文的重点。根据我国司法鉴定意见的质证所存在的问题,参考两大法系的可借鉴之处,从五个方面对改革与完善我国司法鉴定意见质证制度进行了思考。
[Abstract]:As an important part of the evidence system, the judicial appraisal system is the important foundation to guarantee the judicial justice, perfect and perfect the judicial system. Because of the restriction of many factors such as history, politics, economy, tradition and so on, as well as under the long-term influence of the mode of action of authority doctrine, the cross-examination system of our country has some defects, especially the cross-examination of the appraisal opinion in the trial. In practice, the cross-examination of appraisal opinions is difficult to carry out effectively. It is usually understood by the participants in the proceedings by the way of reading out the appraisal opinions. Moreover, the appraisal opinions are often difficult to be treated rationally. Some appraisal opinions are regarded as "scientific judgments" and are accepted as the basis for the decision at will; others are unreasonably questioned by the parties, and the identification matters are frequently applied for repeated identification; others have insufficient understanding of the cross-examination of the appraisal opinions. To make a cross-examination or a mere formality. In this way, the true legitimacy of the appraisal opinion will be questioned, and it is difficult to test through the current judicial review procedure. In view of this, the author has carried on the research on some problems existing in the cross-examination of judicial expertise opinion at present, inspected the practice of the two legal systems, drew lessons from them, and carried on some meaningful thoughts on the solution of these problems. In addition to the introduction, this paper is divided into four chapters, the full text about 34,000 words. The first part is the preface theory, mainly elaborated the general content of the judicial appraisal opinion cross-examination, has carried on the concept definition to the appraisal opinion, the appraisal opinion cross-examination, and the appraisal opinion as one of the legal evidence types, The connotation and significance of its cross-examination. The second part is the problem theory. According to the problems existing in the cross-examination of judicial expertise opinion in our country's present practice, it is analyzed from the perspective of subjective, objective, legal and historical. These aspects can be summarized as follows: there are legislative defects in cross-examination of judicial expertise opinion, lack of strict rules for cross-examination of judicial expertise opinion, cross-examination of judicial expertise opinion is a mere formality; The rights of prosecution and defense are not equal in cross-examination of judicial expertise opinion. The third part is the comparative theory, mainly enumerates and analyzes the cross-examination procedure of the (expert testimony) appraisal conclusion of the Anglo-American law system and the continental law system country, the other mountain stone can attack the jade, obtains the reference significance to our country from the comparison analysis of the two major legal systems. The fourth part is thinking theory, which is the focus of this paper. According to the problems existing in the cross-examination of judicial expertise opinions in our country, and referring to the points of reference of the two legal systems, this paper gives some thoughts on the reform and improvement of the system of cross-examination of judicial expertise opinions in China from five aspects.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：D918.9

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