被害人角度的犯罪预防
发布时间：2018-12-12 14:35
【摘要】：预防犯罪、减少犯罪的危害是当今世界每个国家所面临的问题。犯罪学家们也一直试图从犯罪人身上找突破口,但效果并不明显。近年来随着犯罪学的发展,学者们研究的视野和着手点也越来越广泛,学者们已经认识到犯罪的发生是由犯罪人和被害人相互作用形成的,所以犯罪的研究不能仅仅局限于犯罪人,而应该将一部分精力投入到被害人身上。不管是研究犯罪人还是研究被害人,最终的目的都是减少犯罪的发生。 被害人在犯罪的发生及预防中同样可以起着重要作用,通过分析被害人及其被害性,从被害人本身的被害性特征出发可以有效减少被害,揭示抑制和减少被害人向犯罪人转化的关键点,减少了犯罪的发生,预防犯罪的目的就可以在一定程度上实现。从被害人角度研究犯罪预防也可以使我们获得新的进行犯罪预防研究的角度。当然强调重视被害人的研究并不意味着应轻视犯罪人对预防犯罪作用的研究,而是在当前过分关注犯罪人的情况下提出的,以期希望学者对被害人给以必要的重视。文章不单从实证方面直接实现被害人的被害预防,还通过建构被害人的帮助和救济制度来间接实现犯罪预防。 全文共分为五个部分:第一部分研究目前我国犯罪预防的主要途径,介绍目前我国各种犯罪预防的角度以及侧重点。第二部分介绍被害人学研究的发展历程以及其给犯罪预防提供的新的视角和契机。第三部分是关于犯罪被害人的基本要素的阐释,包括被害人的概念、特征、类型及其研究的意义。第四部分从被害人的特征、阶段、总的实现途径三个方面展开直接被害预防的研究和设计。第五部分通过对构建被害人救助制度的阐释,以期间接实现对犯罪的预防。
[Abstract]:To prevent crime and reduce the harm of crime is a problem that every country in the world is facing. Criminologists have also been trying to find a breakthrough from the perpetrators, but the effect is not obvious. In recent years, with the development of criminology, scholars have more and more extensive horizons and starting points of research. Scholars have realized that the occurrence of crime is formed by the interaction between the criminal and the victim. Therefore, the study of crime should not be confined to the criminal, but should focus on the victim. The ultimate goal is to reduce the incidence of crime, whether it is the study of the perpetrator or the study of the victim. Victims can also play an important role in the occurrence and prevention of crime. By analyzing the victims and their victimization, we can effectively reduce the victimization from the victim's own characteristics. By revealing the key points of restraining and reducing the conversion of the victim to the criminal, and reducing the occurrence of the crime, the purpose of crime prevention can be achieved to a certain extent. Crime prevention from the perspective of victims can also enable us to obtain a new perspective of crime prevention research. Of course, the emphasis on the study of victims does not mean that the study of the role of criminals in crime prevention should be belittled, but in the current situation of excessive attention to offenders, in order to hope that scholars give the necessary attention to victims. The article not only realizes the victim's victim prevention directly from the empirical aspect, but also indirectly realizes the crime prevention by constructing the victim's help and relief system. The thesis is divided into five parts: the first part studies the main ways of crime prevention in our country, introduces the angles and emphases of crime prevention. The second part introduces the development course of victimology and the new angle of view and opportunity for crime prevention. The third part is about the basic elements of crime victims, including the concept, characteristics, types and significance of the study. In the fourth part, the author studies and designs the prevention of direct victimization from three aspects: the victim's characteristics, the stage and the total way of realization. The fifth part through the construction of victim relief system interpretation, in order to indirectly achieve crime prevention.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D917.6
本文编号：2374749
[Abstract]:To prevent crime and reduce the harm of crime is a problem that every country in the world is facing. Criminologists have also been trying to find a breakthrough from the perpetrators, but the effect is not obvious. In recent years, with the development of criminology, scholars have more and more extensive horizons and starting points of research. Scholars have realized that the occurrence of crime is formed by the interaction between the criminal and the victim. Therefore, the study of crime should not be confined to the criminal, but should focus on the victim. The ultimate goal is to reduce the incidence of crime, whether it is the study of the perpetrator or the study of the victim. Victims can also play an important role in the occurrence and prevention of crime. By analyzing the victims and their victimization, we can effectively reduce the victimization from the victim's own characteristics. By revealing the key points of restraining and reducing the conversion of the victim to the criminal, and reducing the occurrence of the crime, the purpose of crime prevention can be achieved to a certain extent. Crime prevention from the perspective of victims can also enable us to obtain a new perspective of crime prevention research. Of course, the emphasis on the study of victims does not mean that the study of the role of criminals in crime prevention should be belittled, but in the current situation of excessive attention to offenders, in order to hope that scholars give the necessary attention to victims. The article not only realizes the victim's victim prevention directly from the empirical aspect, but also indirectly realizes the crime prevention by constructing the victim's help and relief system. The thesis is divided into five parts: the first part studies the main ways of crime prevention in our country, introduces the angles and emphases of crime prevention. The second part introduces the development course of victimology and the new angle of view and opportunity for crime prevention. The third part is about the basic elements of crime victims, including the concept, characteristics, types and significance of the study. In the fourth part, the author studies and designs the prevention of direct victimization from three aspects: the victim's characteristics, the stage and the total way of realization. The fifth part through the construction of victim relief system interpretation, in order to indirectly achieve crime prevention.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D917.6
【引证文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 余成;;论侦查中被害人的二次被害[J];河南警察学院学报;2012年06期
，本文编号：2374749
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