国际恐怖主义及其防范探析

发布时间：2019-02-18 08:24

【摘要】：国际恐怖主义是在恐怖主义的基础上发展起来的。虽然学术界、各国立法及有关国际组织对恐怖主义的具体表述不同,但对恐怖主义的暴力性、政治性、恐怖性和刑事违法性等基本内涵的认识却是一致的。在恐怖主义具有了跨国性这一特征时,国际恐怖主义便出现了。从历史上看,国际恐怖主义经历了萌芽、形成、泛滥、回落、猖獗五个阶段,其产生的原因是世界范围经济、政治、文化等矛盾不断累积交互作用而生成。国际恐怖主义不仅是殖民主义制造的历史遗物,是冷战时期的产物,更是南北矛盾、宗教、民族极端主义激化的产物。当今社会,国际恐怖主义对人类的生存权、发展权、国际政治、经济危害极大,从美国到俄罗斯,从中东到南亚,很多地方正在遭受着国际恐怖主义的危害,但由于政治性原因,使得国际社会至今不能给国际恐怖主义一个统一、客观的定义,更由于某些国家过于重视军事反恐,忽略了对国际恐怖主义的综合治理,使得国际反恐局势“越反越恐”。因此,国际社会应发挥联合国在国际反恐的主导作用,加强国际反恐合作,并在国际法上完善,确立统一的国际恐怖主义定义标准,进一步确立国际恐怖主义是一种犯罪行为,建立起全球性的反恐网络,切断其经济命脉,改善国际社会不平等的政治、经济秩序,彻底消除国际恐怖主义根源。面对当今日益严重的恐怖主义,我国应以预防为主,在打击境内民族分裂势力同时,必须坚定不移地发展经济,不断加强我国的反恐实力,增强各族人民的凝聚力,铲除民族主义向极端民族主义转化的内因和外因。在国际上,强调发挥联合国的主导与协调作用,坚决反对在恐怖主义问题上实行双重标准;加强与周边国家的反恐政治、经济、军事合作,遏制国际恐怖势力向我国的渗透;努力消除国际关系中的霸权主义、强权政治,努力建设新型的国际政治、经济秩序,彻底消除国际恐怖主义的根源,为人类社会缔造一个和平、民主、文明的未来而做出贡献。
[Abstract]:International terrorism is developed on the basis of terrorism. Although the specific expressions of terrorism are different in academic circles, legislations of various countries and relevant international organizations, the understanding of the basic connotations of terrorism, such as violence, politics, terrorism and criminal illegality, is consistent. When terrorism is transnational, international terrorism appears. From the historical point of view, international terrorism has gone through five stages: germination, formation, flooding, descent and rampant. The causes of international terrorism are the continuous accumulation of conflicts in the world economy, politics, culture and so on. International terrorism is not only a historical relic of colonialism, but also a product of the Cold War and the intensification of North-South contradictions, religion and national extremism. In today's society, international terrorism is doing great harm to human rights to survival, development, international politics and economy. From the United States to Russia, from the Middle East to South Asia, many places are suffering from international terrorism. However, due to political reasons, the international community has so far been unable to give a unified and objective definition of international terrorism. Moreover, because some countries attach too much importance to military counter-terrorism, they have neglected the comprehensive management of international terrorism. The international anti-terrorism situation is becoming more and more anti-terrorist. Therefore, the international community should give play to the leading role of the United Nations in international counter-terrorism, strengthen international counter-terrorism cooperation, improve international law, establish a unified standard for the definition of international terrorism, and further establish that international terrorism is a criminal act. To establish a global anti-terrorism network, to cut off its economic lifeline, to improve the unequal political and economic order of the international community, and to eliminate the root causes of international terrorism. In the face of today's increasingly serious terrorism, our country should give priority to prevention. At the same time, we must unswervingly develop our economy, constantly strengthen our anti-terrorism strength, and enhance the cohesion of the people of all ethnic groups. Eradicate the internal and external causes of the transformation of nationalism to ultranationalism. Internationally, it is stressed that the United Nations should play a leading and coordinating role, resolutely oppose double standards on the issue of terrorism, strengthen anti-terrorism political, economic and military cooperation with neighboring countries, and curb the infiltration of international terrorist forces into China; Efforts should be made to eliminate hegemonism and power politics in international relations, to build a new international political and economic order, to eliminate the root causes of international terrorism, and to contribute to the future of peace, democracy and civilization in human society.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2005
【分类号】：D917.6;D815.5

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