辽宁省农村养老模式问题研究

发布时间：2018-02-08 09:47

本文关键词： 辽宁省农村养老模式对策建议　出处：《沈阳工业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：伴随着人口老龄化的发展和城市经济建设的逐步加速，我国城乡二元结构存在的差异使城乡居民在养老服务方面也存在很大的差距。改革开放以来，由于农村青年劳动人员逐渐向城镇转移，也由于家庭养老对血亲关系的依赖非常明显，加之土地保障功能和传统孝文化逐步丧失等因素，家庭养老模式受到了冲击，其功能趋于弱化；集体养老模式由于受养老服务供求不平衡、服务质量不到位、资金不足等因素影响，其软硬件都不能满足老年人的需求；而社会养老模式受养老保险制度等政策的影响，还难以成为农村养老的补充，所以农村居民养老问题较城镇居民养老问题更为突出。辽宁省作为一个典型的农业大省，农村老年人口达三百五十余万，人口老龄化程度高于全国的平均水平，绝大部分农村地区尚未建立起有效的社会养老模式制度，，因此研究辽宁农村养老模式问题尤为重要。本文在深入研究现有相关文献的基础上，对农村养老模式的概念和包含的主要内容进行了界定。以马克思社会保障理论、社会需求理论、交换理论、社会角色理论为指导，综合借鉴国内外各地区的实践经验，对农村养老模式进行了特点分析。基于辽宁省农村养老模式的实际情况，在了解农村家庭养老模式、集体养老模式、社会养老模式的现状后，对辽宁省典型案例进行深入调查，选取有代表性的农村地区老年人为调查对象。调查内容包括个人状况、经济条件、家庭状况、养老意愿及满意度等信息，主要运用自填式问卷、无结构式的访谈、比较研究、统计分析等具体方法，分析了家庭养老功能弱化、集体养老机构条件有限、社会养老模式发展缓慢等问题。针对辽宁省农村养老模式存在的问题，最后本文提出构建辽宁省农村养老模式应遵循的原则，以及完善辽宁省农村养老模式的对策建议，主要包括转变传统家庭养老观念、提高农民的参保意识、提高对老人精神层面的关照、建立多方位的融资渠道和加强农村孝文化教育等若干建议。
[Abstract]:With the development of aging population and the acceleration of urban economic construction, there is a big gap between urban and rural residents in old-age service because of the difference between urban and rural dual structure. Since the reform and opening up to the outside world, Due to the gradual transfer of young rural workers to cities and towns, the apparent dependence of family pension on kinship, the loss of land security function and the gradual loss of traditional filial piety culture, the family pension model has been impacted. Its function tends to weaken, the collective old-age support model can not meet the needs of the elderly because of the imbalance between the supply and demand of the old-age service, the service quality is not in place, and the funds are insufficient. But the social old-age model is influenced by the old-age insurance system and other policies, so it is difficult to be a supplement to the rural old-age care system, so the problem of the old-age support of the rural residents is more prominent than that of the urban residents. Liaoning Province, as a typical big agricultural province, The aged population in rural areas reaches more than 350 million, and the aging degree of the population is higher than the average level of the whole country. Most rural areas have not established an effective social old-age model system, so it is particularly important to study the rural old-age model in Liaoning Province. On the basis of in-depth study of existing relevant literature, this paper defines the concept and main contents of the rural old-age model. It is guided by Marx's social security theory, social demand theory, exchange theory, social role theory, etc. Based on the actual situation of the rural old-age support model in Liaoning Province, this paper analyzes the characteristics of the rural old-age pension model based on the practical experience of various regions at home and abroad, and finds out the rural family old-age pension model and the collective old-age pension model. After the current situation of the social pension model, the typical cases of Liaoning Province are investigated in depth, and the representative old people in rural areas are selected as the objects of investigation. The contents of the investigation include personal status, economic condition, family status, This paper mainly uses self-filled questionnaire, unstructured interview, comparative research, statistical analysis and other specific methods to analyze the weakening of family pension function and the limited conditions of collective pension institutions. In view of the problems existing in the rural old-age support model of Liaoning Province, this paper finally puts forward the principles to be followed in constructing the rural old-age pension model in Liaoning Province, and the countermeasures and suggestions to perfect the rural old-age pension model in Liaoning Province. It mainly includes some suggestions, such as changing the traditional concept of family old-age support, raising the farmers' consciousness of participating in insurance, improving the care of the old people's spiritual level, establishing multi-directional financing channels and strengthening the rural filial piety culture and education, and so on.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D669.6

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