强制性外交视角下奥巴马政府对伊朗核谈判进程及动因分析

发布时间：2018-03-27 20:34

本文选题：强制性外交　切入点：伊朗核问题　出处：《外交学院》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：强制性外交是指强制方通过包括威胁使用武力在内的各种威逼利诱手段等达到战略目标。它主要表现为强制方向对手提出外交要求,进行制裁劝诱,增强威胁力度,并可能诉诸最后通牒。强制性外交的有效实施,将以较少成本实现外交目标。美国运用强制性外交处理伊朗核问题就是其中的典型案例。伊朗核问题是当前国际安全的热点问题之一,它集中反映了伊朗与美国的矛盾与冲突。美国强烈要求伊朗暂停浓缩铀活动,甚至终止核计划,担心伊朗核问题影响中东安全及国际安全,危及美国全球战略及其在中东地区的安全利益。在美国的推动下,联合国安理会多次通过制裁伊朗的决议,但伊朗坚持自身拥有和平利用核能的权利,拒绝停止浓缩铀活动。本文试图在强制性外交视角下,追踪美国对伊朗的强制性外交进程,分析美国对伊朗军事威胁、经济制裁、好处利诱等手段的综合运用,从而进一步了解美国对伊朗的政策变化。另外,通过具体探究奥巴马政府时期伊朗的核谈判进程,最终明确为什么奥巴马政府时期美国能通过强制性外交达成伊朗核协议。全面核协议的成功签署,标志着美国对伊朗的强制性外交基本取得成功,双方关系也得到一定程度的改善。但美国新任总统唐纳德·特朗普上台后采取了一系列对伊强硬态度,伊朗核协议在具体的执行和实施过程中也遭遇种种困难。针对该核协议未来的存废问题以及美国是否仍坚持对伊采取强制性外交,本文在最后展开了进一步的讨论与关注。
[Abstract]:Coercive diplomacy means that the coercive party achieves its strategic objectives through various means of coercion, including the threat of the use of force, etc. It is mainly manifested in the imposition of diplomatic demands on its adversaries, the conduct of sanctions and persuasion, and the enhancement of its threat. And may resort to ultimatums. Effective enforcement of coercive diplomacy, The United States is using coercive diplomacy to deal with the Iranian nuclear issue, which is a typical example. The Iranian nuclear issue is one of the hot issues in current international security. It reflects the contradictions and conflicts between Iran and the United States. The United States strongly demands that Iran suspend its uranium enrichment activities or even terminate its nuclear program, fearing that the Iranian nuclear issue will affect security in the Middle East and international security. Endangering the global strategy of the United States and its security interests in the Middle East. Under the impetus of the United States, the United Nations Security Council has repeatedly adopted resolutions on sanctions against Iran, but Iran insists on its right to the peaceful use of nuclear energy. Refusing to stop enriching uranium. This paper attempts to track the process of US coercive diplomacy against Iran from the perspective of coercive diplomacy, and analyze the comprehensive application of US military threats against Iran, economic sanctions, advantages and inducements, etc. In order to further understand the changes in US policy towards Iran. In addition, by specifically exploring Iran's nuclear negotiation process during the Obama administration, It is ultimately clear why the United States was able to reach a nuclear agreement on Iran through coercive diplomacy during the Obama administration. The successful signing of the comprehensive nuclear agreement marks the basic success of the United States' coercive diplomacy towards Iran. Relations between the two sides have also improved to a certain extent. But the new US President Donald Trump has taken a series of tough attitudes toward Iraq since he came to power. Iran's nuclear agreement has also encountered various difficulties in its implementation and implementation. In view of the future issue of the nuclear agreement and whether the United States still insists on adopting mandatory diplomacy towards Iraq, this paper further discusses and pays close attention to it at the end of this paper.
【学位授予单位】：外交学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D871.2;D815.2

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