欧盟逆全球化思潮涌动的原因与表现

发布时间：2018-03-28 16:12

  本文选题：欧盟　切入点：逆全球化　出处：《国际展望》2017年01期

【摘要】：英国脱欧公投和特朗普当选美国总统是"逆全球化"思潮的产物。"逆全球化"与以资本、生产和市场在全球层面加速一体化的全球化进程背道而驰,是指重新赋权于地方和国家层面。"逆全球化"思潮产生的原因在于全球化进程导致西方产生一种新的结构性分歧,即全球化赢家与输家之间的对立。如果把全球化视为一种现代化进程,那么"现代化输家"论点总体上可以解释"逆全球化"思潮出现和涌动的原因。"现代化输家"论点是指在西方经济、社会、文化与政治持续变迁过程中,低收入、受教育程度低的群体不能适应现代化进程,他们在自身处于经济边缘,地位与声誉受到影响以及遭受社会排斥的情况下,表现出反全球化和反精英的态度。自2008年全球金融危机以来,欧盟内部社会两极化和不平等状况的加剧为"现代化输家"论点提供了现实基础。本文重点分析当前欧盟内的三个"逆全球化"现象,即欧盟内右翼民粹政党的普遍崛起、英国脱欧公投以及欧盟贸易保护主义的抬头,同时,对特朗普当选对欧盟内"逆全球化"思潮的助推作用也加以分析。
[Abstract]:The Brexit referendum and Trump's election as US president are the product of a trend of "anti-globalization" that runs counter to the process of accelerating integration at the global level with capital, production and markets. Reempowerment at the local and national levels. The cause of the trend of "anti-globalization" is that the process of globalization has led to a new kind of structural division in the West. The antagonism between the winners and losers of globalization. If globalization is viewed as a process of modernization, In general, the argument of "modern losers" can explain the reasons for the emergence and agitation of the "anti-globalization" trend of thought. The argument of "modern losers" refers to the low income in the process of sustained economic, social, cultural and political changes in the West. Undereducated groups do not adapt to the process of modernization, where they are economically marginalized, whose status and reputation are affected and who are socially excluded, Show anti-globalization and anti-elite attitudes. Since the 2008 global financial crisis, The social polarization and inequality within the EU provide a realistic basis for the argument of "modern losers". This paper focuses on the analysis of the three "anti-globalization" phenomena in the EU, namely the rise of the right-wing populist political parties in the EU. The Brexit referendum and the rise of trade protectionism in the EU have also analysed the role Trump's election has given to the "anti-globalisation" trend in the EU.
【作者单位】： 同济大学德国问题研究所/欧盟研究所;
【分类号】：F114.41;D814.1
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本文编号：1677064