我国城市养老服务供给主体多元化研究

发布时间：2018-04-19 22:20

本文选题：人口老龄化 + 城市养老服务　；参考：《内蒙古大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,在经济增长由高速发展向中低速发展转变的同时,我国人口总量增长趋势也明显减弱。人口老龄化增速不断上涨的同时,城市中老年人的养老服务需求也在随之增长,养老服务供给已成为影响当前经济社会发展的重要因素。国务院2017年3月颁发的《"十三五"推进基本公共服务均等化规划》中明确指出,今后在扩大基本公共服务有效供给的过程中,要创新服务供给。具体来说,一方面要培育多元供给主体,另一方面要推动供给方式多元化。城市老年人生活水平随经济发展而提高的同时,其养老需求也在向多元化、多层次发展,作为一项重要的基本公共服务,城市养老服务供给主体多元化已成为一种不可逆转的趋势,也是优化城市养老服务供给的重要手段。本文以福利多元主义、新公共服务、协同治理等为理论视角,阐释了我国城市养老服务"以居家养老为基础、社区服务为依托、机构养老为补充"的现实格局,详细分析了当前我国居家养老、机构养老、社区养老、医养结合几种养老模式的优势与不足。文章认为我国当前城市养老服务供给主体中存在着政府职能缺位与越位并存、市场供给不足、家庭供给能力逐渐弱化以及社会化养老机构发展不足等问题。存在这些问题的主要原因是政府责任定位不清、市场化城市养老服务发育有限、家庭结构发生变化,同时城市中社会化养老服务定位模糊,过度依赖行政手段。借鉴发达国家以政府为主导,鼓励商业化养老服务机构与非营利组织参与城市养老服务,并建立长期稳定的服务队伍的经验启示,文章认为我国城市养老服务供给主体发展路径选择应该为:政府发挥顶层设计的主导作用,同时引入市场机制,让市场在养老服务供给中起主要作用,加快推进养老服务市场化进程;同时重视家庭对老年人服务供养的基础作用,以及社区的补充功能,从而构建一个"四位一体"的城市养老服务多元供给体系。
[Abstract]:In recent years, while the economic growth has changed from high speed to medium low speed, the population growth trend of our country has also weakened obviously. With the increasing of aging population, the demand for old-age service is also increasing, and the supply of old-age service has become an important factor affecting the current economic and social development. In the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" issued by the State Council in March 2017 to promote equalization of basic public services, it is clearly pointed out that in the process of expanding the effective supply of basic public services in the future, the supply of services should be innovated. Specifically, on the one hand, to cultivate multiple supply main body, on the other hand, to promote supply diversification. As the living standards of the elderly in cities improve with the development of the economy, their needs for the aged are also developing in a diversified and multi-level manner, as an important basic public service. The diversification of urban old-age service supply has become an irreversible trend and an important means to optimize the urban old-age service supply. From the perspective of welfare pluralism, new public service and cooperative governance, this paper expounds the realistic pattern of urban old-age care service in China, which is based on home pension, supported by community service and supplemented by institutional old-age care. This paper analyzes in detail the advantages and disadvantages of the current pension modes of home, institutional, community, medical and nursing in our country. This paper points out that there are some problems in the supply of urban old-age service in China, such as the absence and offside of government functions, the shortage of market supply, the weakening of family supply capacity and the insufficient development of socialized pension institutions. The main reasons for these problems are that the position of government responsibility is not clear, the development of pension services in market-oriented cities is limited, the family structure changes, and the orientation of socialized old-age care services in cities is vague and excessively dependent on administrative means. Drawing lessons from the experience of governments in developed countries, encouraging commercial pension service organizations and non-profit organizations to participate in urban pension services, and establishing long-term stable service teams. The paper holds that the main development path of urban old-age service supply should be as follows: the government should give play to the leading role of top-level design, and at the same time introduce market mechanism to make the market play a major role in the supply of old-age service. Accelerating the process of promoting the marketization of the old-age service, paying attention to the basic role of the family in providing services for the elderly, as well as the supplementary function of the community, so as to construct a "four-in-one" multi-supply system of urban old-age service.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D669.6

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