突发环境事件应对中公众参与法律机制研究

发布时间：2018-05-23 14:26

本文选题：突发环境事件 + 公众参与　；参考：《西南政法大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：当前我国环境形势依然相当严峻,总体环境状况呈不断恶化的趋势。突发环境事件伴随着我国社会经济的发展也逐步进入了高发态势,给人民群众的生命和财产安全带来极大威胁,对生态环境造成严重的损害,进而产生许多的社会问题。因此,完善现有的突发环境事件应对法律机制,对突发环境事件的应对是十分关键的,而加强公众参机制的建设,对预防和应对突发环境事件都有着极其重要的作用。当前我国的公众参与存在着非常严重的缺陷,并未形成公众参与法律机制。针对现实中存在的诸多问题,我国应对公众参与的法律机制进行完善和提升,使公众能够很好参与突发环境事件的应对中去,鼓励公众以多种方式参与其中,并从法律层面做好组织与引导,最大限度的为发挥公众参与的力量提供多种渠道。本文主要从五个部分对公众参与的法律机制进行论证,并结合实践中公众参与存在的现实问题,从参与主体等方面,为构建和完善我国突发环境事件中的公众参与法律机制提出了具体的措施。第一部分是对突发环境事件中公众参与的相关概念的阐述,明确了什么是突发环境事件,分析了突发环境事件的分类和特性并做了分类,,对突发环境事件中公众参与法律机制的基本概念进行了界定。第二部分主要分析突发环境事件中公众参与的必要性和可行性进行。通过分析突发环境事件中公众参与存在的问题,结合公众自身的发展情况,得出为公众参与突发环境事件的应对既具有必要性又具有可行性。第三部分是探究公众参与理论基础和现实考量。风险社会理论、危机管理理论和环境公共信托理论论是公众参与的三大理理论,从理论层面对公众参与提供理论支撑。通过对现实中公众参与的考察,可以发现公众参与突发环境事件应对具有实践基础。第四部分是通过对现实中公众参与的考察,找出存在问题根源,并分析了产生问题的原因。由当前我国立法和实践现状,可知我国突发环境事件中公众参与存在着法律法规缺乏、公众参与不足、信息公开不透明、环境应急文化文建设不到位等问题,严重制约了我国突发环境事件应对中公众参与机制的发展。第五部分是针对公众参与存在的问题,提出具体的构建和完善对策。从立法层面规定并保障公众环境管理参与权的行使,进而保障突发环境事件应对中公众参与的权利,扩大公众参与的范围,完善信息公开制度以及加强环境应急文化建设等方面提出了具体对策。
[Abstract]:At present, the environmental situation of our country is still quite severe, and the overall environmental situation is deteriorating. With the development of our country's social economy, the unexpected environmental events have gradually entered into a high incidence situation, which has brought great threat to the people's life and property safety, caused serious damage to the ecological environment, and produced many social problems. Therefore, it is very critical to perfect the existing legal mechanism of environmental emergency response, and to strengthen the construction of public reference mechanism plays an extremely important role in preventing and responding to unexpected environmental events. At present, the public participation in our country has very serious defects, and has not formed the legal mechanism of public participation. In view of the many problems in reality, our country should perfect and upgrade the legal mechanism of public participation, so that the public can participate in the response to unexpected environmental events, and encourage the public to participate in it in various ways. And from the legal level to organize and guide, to maximize the power of public participation to provide a variety of channels. This paper mainly demonstrates the legal mechanism of public participation from five parts, and combines the practical problems of public participation in practice, from the participation of the main body and so on. In order to construct and perfect the legal mechanism of public participation in environmental emergencies in our country, the concrete measures are put forward. The first part is to explain the related concepts of public participation in unexpected environmental events, and clarify what is unexpected environmental events. This paper analyzes on the classification and characteristics of environmental emergencies and defines the basic concept of the legal mechanism of public participation in environmental emergencies. The second part mainly analyzes the necessity and feasibility of public participation in environmental emergencies. By analyzing the problems of public participation in environmental emergencies and combining with the development of the public, it is concluded that it is both necessary and feasible for the public to participate in environmental emergencies. The third part is to explore the theoretical basis and practical considerations of public participation. The theory of risk society, the theory of crisis management and the theory of environmental public trust are three major theories of public participation, which provide theoretical support for public participation. Through the investigation of public participation in reality, it can be found that public participation in environmental emergencies has a practical basis. The fourth part is to find out the root causes of the problems and analyze the causes of the problems through the investigation of the public participation in reality. From the current situation of legislation and practice in our country, we know that there are some problems such as the lack of laws and regulations, the insufficient public participation, the non-transparency of information disclosure, the lack of cultural construction of environmental emergency in our country, and so on. It seriously restricts the development of public participation mechanism in the response to environmental emergencies in China. The fifth part is to put forward concrete construction and perfect countermeasure in view of the existing problems of public participation. In the aspect of legislation, the right of public participation in environmental management is regulated and guaranteed, and the right of public participation in dealing with environmental emergencies is protected, and the scope of public participation is expanded. The concrete countermeasures are put forward to perfect the information publicity system and strengthen the cultural construction of environmental emergency.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D621.5

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