从有效集中到权威丧失——苏联共产党领导核心制的历史轨迹及启示

发布时间：2018-05-26 07:39

本文选题：苏联共产党 + 领导核心制　；参考：《科学社会主义》2017年03期

【摘要】：政党的领导核心是民主集中制的内在要求。自列宁时期始,苏共领导核心的制度安排曾对苏联有效集中权力进行现代国家建构发挥巨大作用;斯大林时期领导核心制逐步异化为个人集权和专制。直至苏联解体,领导核心制实际处于虚化状态,民主集中制原则始终未得到有效贯彻,最终导致苏共权威丧失、苏联解体。苏共领导核心制从有效集中到权威丧失的历史给马克思主义执政党建设以深刻启示,即必须高度重视领导核心问题,正确处理领导核心和集体领导的关系,建立和完善制度化的权力交接机制,重视政治领袖的培养。
[Abstract]:The core of political party leadership is the internal requirement of democratic centralism. Since Lenin's period, the institutional arrangement of the leading core of the Soviet Communist Party had played a great role in the effective centralization of power in the Soviet Union in the construction of the modern state, and the core system of leadership in the Stalin period had gradually been alienated into individual centralization and autocracy. Until the disintegration of the Soviet Union, the core system of leadership was in a virtual state, and the principle of democratic centralism had never been effectively implemented, which eventually led to the loss of the authority of the Soviet Communist Party and the disintegration of the Soviet Union. The history of the leadership core system of the Communist Party of Soviet Union from effective centralization to the loss of authority gives a profound enlightenment to the building of the Marxist ruling party, that is, it is necessary to attach great importance to the core of leadership and correctly handle the relationship between the leading core and the collective leadership. Establish and improve the institutionalized power transfer mechanism and attach importance to the cultivation of political leaders.
【作者单位】：中共湖南省委党校政治学教研部;复旦大学;
【基金】：国家社科基金项目“强化党委全委会决策和监督作用研究”(15BDJ050)的阶段性研究成果
【分类号】：D351.2

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