我国城市社区“自治—行政”混合模式研究

发布时间：2018-06-30 22:08

本文选题：城市社区 + 居委会　；参考：《电子科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国经济进入转轨的同时,社会发展也进入了转型时期。这种转变首先是从城市基层社会展开的,作为社会治理最基层的社区居委会是基层民主最好的实现形式,也是实现居民自治的最好平台。然而现实中,社区由于历史和现实的原因,充满了行政化色彩,居委会行政化现象日益突出,俨然成了街道办事处的延伸机构。随着社会管理体制改革浪潮的掀起,基层民主的实现问题越来越受到党和政府的关注。从20世纪90年代至今,在全国陆续开展了社区治理模式探索改革活动,出现了比较典型的上海模式、沈阳模式和江汉模式等。当前,城市社区建设和发展仍然处于实现自治和去行政化的两难境地。城市社区是社会治理的最末端,也是社会治理涉及面最广、最复杂的一块。治理好社区关系到整个社会的稳定和城市的繁荣。城市社会由城市社区构成,城市社区聚集了各类社会群体,是涉及社会利益最复杂的地方,同时也是滋生各种社会矛盾的场所。城市社区居委会一端联系着政府,另一端联系着居民,稍有偏颇就会失去平衡,难以回到最初的定位。随着国家社会管理体制的改革深入到基层,社区尽快找准定位显得尤为重要。对社区角色的定位,关系到整个社会管理体制的发展,关系到我国基层民主自治能否实现,也是实现政府职能转变的重要途径。本文主要分析了城市社区治理的应然状态以及实然状况,强调实然状况的社区行政化的形成是有一定现实原因的,而且去行政化也将是一个漫长的过程。综合运用文献研究法、案例分析法等,具体分析城市社区治理的现实状况;运用自组织理论、协同治理理论和社会资本理论,分析社区是一个自治组织,然而当前的社区治理由于还不具备自治条件,需要经历一定行政化下的多元主体相互信任、协同合作的阶段,再随着条件的变化最终走向自治;文章遵循“发现问题-分析问题-解决问题”的思路,力求做到逻辑严密。试图在社区自治和行政化之间寻找一个相对合理的点,构建当前城市社区“自治-行政”混合模式。主要观点有:面对当前社区行政化的趋势,要承认其在一定阶段内存在的必然性与合理性,但是社区的最终定位是自治组织,回归自治是社区的必然发展方向。可以先平衡好社区自治与行政化的关系,在社区“自治-行政”混合模式中渐进式地回归社区自治。
[Abstract]:Our country economy enters transition at the same time, social development also entered transition period. As the most basic social governance community neighborhood committee is the best realization form of grass-roots democracy and also the best platform to realize residents' autonomy. However, in reality, because of the historical and realistic reasons, the community is full of the color of administration, and the phenomenon of administration of neighborhood committee is increasingly prominent, which has become the extension organization of the street office. With the development of the reform of social management system, the realization of grass-roots democracy has been paid more and more attention by the Party and government. From the 1990s to now, the community governance model has been carried out in the whole country to explore the reform activities. There have been more typical Shanghai model, Shenyang model and Jianghan model, etc. At present, the construction and development of urban community is still in the dilemma of realizing autonomy and deadministration. Urban community is the end of social governance, but also the most extensive and complex social governance. Good governance of the community is related to the stability of the whole society and the prosperity of the city. Urban society is composed of urban communities, which gather all kinds of social groups. It is the most complicated place involving social interests, and it is also the place to breed various social contradictions. Urban neighborhood committees are linked to the government on one side and residents on the other. A little bias can make it difficult to return to its original position. With the reform of the national social management system, it is very important for the community to find the right position as soon as possible. The orientation of community role is related to the development of the whole social management system, the realization of democratic autonomy at the grass-roots level in China, and the important way to realize the transformation of government functions. This paper mainly analyzes the ought state and the actual situation of the urban community governance, and emphasizes that the formation of the community administration of the real situation has some realistic reasons, and the deadministration will be a long process. Using the literature research method, case analysis method and so on, the paper concretely analyzes the reality of the urban community governance, and analyzes that the community is an autonomous organization by using the self-organization theory, the cooperative governance theory and the social capital theory. However, the current community governance does not have autonomous conditions, need to go through a certain administrative multi-subject mutual trust, collaborative cooperation stage, and then with the change of conditions eventually towards autonomy; The article follows the train of thought of "discover problem-analyze problem-solve problem" and try to be logical. This paper attempts to find a relatively reasonable point between community autonomy and administration, and to construct the current mixed mode of "autonomy and administration" in urban communities. The main points are as follows: in the face of the current trend of community administration, it is necessary to admit the inevitability and rationality of the community in a certain period, but the ultimate orientation of the community is the autonomous organization, and returning to autonomy is the inevitable development direction of the community. First, we can balance the relationship between community autonomy and administration, and gradually return to community autonomy in the mixed mode of community autonomy and administration.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D669.3

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