中国城市社区管理模式现状分析与路径创新

发布时间：2018-07-03 02:55

本文选题：社区管理模式 + 现状分析　；参考：《吉林财经大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国社会主义市场经济体制的发展,城市社区管理体制的发展经历了由单位制走向街居制,最终形成社区制的演变。在这一过程中,社区管理模式也在日益丰富完善。社区是社会发展,特别是社会经济发展的必然产物。由于社区是人们生活最密切的社会载体,是满足人类需求最基本的单位空间,因此,从维护社会政治稳定,保持经济良好发展的角度出发,也必须巩固好城市社区管理这道防线,不断提高社区在社会管理中的地位。伴随着社会主义市场经济的发展,政府、市场及其社会的划分界限日益明显,而社区作为整个社会最基础的载体,其重要作用不言而喻,社会的发展必须本着社区这一基本社会单元的完善来推动。社区在成熟,就要求相应的社区管理体制必须完善,它是社区功能正常发挥的重要保证,也是有效进行社区管理的重要保证。社区管理的内容丰富多彩,社区服务作为整个社区管理范畴的核心与目标,研究它的现实状况并提出相应改革与完善措施具有关键意义。社区并非一个凭空出现的载体,它是诸多因素汇集,在一定社会需求的催化下形成的产物。文化是一个社区形成并得以发展壮大的灵魂,提高社区居民的文化素养是社会进步的重要前提。在此背景下,把学校教育、家庭教育、社会教育广泛结合起来的社区教育必须得到重视。我国社区管理经过多年的努力发展,已经卓有成效,形成了部分具有代表性的社区管理模式。但从现实角度看,在有些方面依旧存在着诸多不利因素,社区管理的发展始终被这些因素所制约,同时,这些因素也束缚着社区管理模式的完善。因此,提出我国社区管理模式改革的决策与建议并将之付诸行动极为重要。寻求自我发展必须要坚持自我创新,这就要求我们积极理性地学习外国社区管理的先进模式,只有深刻了解国外社区管理发展的历史,我们才能更好地做到学以致用。社区管理的在西方发达国家历经100多年的发展,已经达到了一个比较高的水平,形成了较为完善的社区管理模式,尤其是英、美等发达国家。这些国家社区组织体系完善,设施比较完备,社区管理中公众参与积极,而且社区活动经费来源渠道较多,同时社区管理是政府意识形态与执行力的体现,在政府政策的引导下,众多优秀的社区管理模式应运而生。在我国,“上海模式”、“沈阳模式”“汉江模式”目前已被学者作为代表性模式进行研究,从而作为中国城市社区体制改革的参照系。关于未来中国社区的发展,本人认为文化型社区必将成为主流模式。文化是时代的灵魂,是社会发展的基石。我国正处于社会主义经济发展的转型时期,在当下迈向社会主义现代化的新阶段,迫切需要党和政府下放社会管理权力,以社区为基本单位,由原来的权力主导型向责任监督型转变。把城市建设的重点细化到各个社区,以社区为依托,协调各方关系,解决利益冲突,促进社会稳定和谐发展。坚持以人为本是我国的基本国策,人是社会存在的载体,社区是与人生存关系最为密切的基础阵地,因此,完善的社区管理模式定会为满足人们生活需求提供有力的保障,也为协调广大居民群众与政府之间的关系指明方向。
[Abstract]:With the development of the socialist market economy system in China, the development of urban community management system has gone through the unit system to the street system, and finally the evolution of the community system. In this process, the community management model is also increasingly rich and perfect. The community is the inevitable product of social development, especially the social and economic development. The most basic social carrier of our lives is the most basic unit space to meet the needs of human beings. Therefore, from the point of view of maintaining social and political stability and maintaining a good economic development, it must also consolidate the defense line of urban community management and continuously improve the status of the community in social management. With the development of the socialist market economy, the government has to do so. The dividing line between the market and the society is becoming more and more obvious, and the important role of the community as the foundation of the whole society is self-evident. The development of the society must be promoted in accordance with the improvement of the basic social unit of the community. The community is mature, and the corresponding community management system must be perfected. It is the heavy function of the community function. To guarantee, it is also an important guarantee for effective community management. The content of community management is rich and colorful. Community service is the core and goal of the whole community management category. It is of great significance to study its actual situation and put forward the corresponding reform and improvement measures. Culture is the product of a certain social demand. Culture is the soul of a community forming and developing. To improve the cultural literacy of community residents is an important prerequisite for social progress. In this context, the community education which combines school education, family education and social education must be paid attention to. After many years of development, it has been fruitful and has formed some representative model of community management. But from the perspective of reality, there are still many unfavorable factors in some aspects. The development of community management is always restricted by these factors. At the same time, these factors also restrict the improvement of community management mode. Therefore, we have put forward our country. The decision and suggestion of the reform of the community management model and putting it into action are very important. Seeking self development must insist on self innovation, which requires us to actively and rationally learn the advanced mode of foreign community management. Only with a profound understanding of the history of the development of foreign community management, can we better achieve the use of learning and community management. After more than 100 years of development in western developed countries, a relatively high level has been reached and a relatively perfect model of community management has been formed, especially in the developed countries such as Britain and the United States. These countries have perfect community organization system, relatively complete facilities, active public participation in community management, and more sources of funding sources for community activities. At the same time, community management is the embodiment of government ideology and executive power. Under the guidance of government policy, many excellent community management models have emerged. In China, the "Shanghai model", "Shenyang model" and "Hanjiang model" have been studied by scholars as a representative model, thus as the reform of Chinese urban community system. Referring to the development of the future Chinese community, I think the cultural community will be the mainstream model. Culture is the soul of the times and the cornerstone of the social development. China is in the transition period of the socialist economic development. In the new stage of socialist modernization, the party and the government are urgently required to decentralization of social management power. Taking the community as the basic unit and changing from the original power leading to the responsibility supervision, the focus of urban construction is refined to the various communities, with the support of the community, the coordination of the relations between the parties, the solution of the conflict of interests, the promotion of the social stability and harmonious development. Therefore, the perfect community management model will provide a strong guarantee to meet the needs of people's life, and also point out the direction of coordinating the relationship between the masses of the people and the government.
【学位授予单位】：吉林财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D669.3

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