应对老龄化的养老服务政策需要理性思考

发布时间：2018-07-20 22:15

【摘要】：基本养老服务有广义与狭义之分,从狭义的基本养老服务考察,"确保人人享有基本养老服务"主要是指当老年人失能、失智,生活自理有困难时均能获得亲属和社会提供的基本照护服务。我国应力争在"十四五"期间实现"长期护理保险"制度全覆盖和参保人员全覆盖,从而"确保人人享有基本养老服务"。在我国养老服务体系中,"机构为补充"和"机构为支撑"是从数量和功能上对养老机构的不同定位;这两种表述在不同时期强调的重点可以有所不同,但不存在互相排斥关系。完善我国的养老服务补贴制度,主要应确保一个"底线"、实施三个"梯度"、制定全国统一的失能状况评估标准,同时中央应给予专项"均衡性"财力支持。从长远看,应将养老服务补贴制度纳入长期护理保险制度的顶层设计框架中。
[Abstract]:The basic old-age service is divided into broad sense and narrow sense. From the narrow sense of the basic old-age service, "ensuring that everyone enjoys the basic old-age service" mainly means that when the elderly are disabled and retarded, The basic care services provided by relatives and society can be obtained when life is difficult. Our country should strive to realize the "long-term care insurance" system and the total coverage of the insured during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, so as to "ensure that everyone has the basic old-age service". In China's old-age service system, "institution as supplement" and "institution as support" are different orientations of pension institutions in terms of quantity and function, and the emphasis of these two expressions may be different in different periods, but there is no mutual exclusion relationship. In order to perfect the pension service subsidy system in our country, we should ensure a "bottom line", implement three "gradients", formulate a unified national evaluation standard of disability status, and the central government should give special "balanced" financial support at the same time. In the long run, the pension subsidy system should be included in the top design framework of the long-term care insurance system.
【作者单位】：华东师范大学人口研究所;
【基金】：国家社科基金重大项目“未来十年我国城市老年人口居家养老保障体系研究”(项目号:12&ZD212)
【分类号】：D669.6

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