基于农村老人需求的“医养结合”机构建设研究

发布时间：2018-08-13 21:15

【摘要】：伴随着城市化进程,大量农村青年进城上学或者打工,“空巢老人”、“留守老人”的现象十分普遍,这就造成农村老人对社会养老特别是入住养老机构有了更高的诉求和渴望。此外大多数老年人因为年龄的增长而出现认知能力和生理功能的衰退,身体上的衰老会诱发各种退化性慢性疾病,而慢性病如果没有科学合理的管理会造成病情恶化,甚至危及生命。种种情况表明我国农村医疗养老服务需求日益加大,伴随着老人日益增长的养老医疗需求,医养结合养老模式出现在老人的生活当中。“医养结合”机构养老不仅为老年群体提供生活上的照顾,并且更加重视老人的身体健康,致力于为老人提供专业的医护服务。面对老年人复杂多样的养老需求,本文以农村老人的需求作为出发点,分析农村老年人不同的服务意愿对“医养结合”机构建设的影响,探索乡村老年人对“医养结合”机构建设的具体要求有哪些,为乡村地区建设医养机构提供理论性的参考意见。本文所研究的农村老人的需求主要是指农村老人的服务需求,根据相关的参考文献,本文将农村老人的服务需求分为生活照料服务需要、医疗服务需要和精神慰藉服务需要。将“医养结合”养老机构的建设需求分为对机构周围环境的需求、对机构人员配置的需求、对机构硬件设施的需求三个方面。通过阅读相关的参考文献,拟定了本文的研究模型,并提出了相关的研究假设,根据研究假设的内容设计了本文的调查问卷,并在预调查的基础上对问卷进行了反复的修改,最后将问卷分为6个分量表分别是生活照料服务量表、医疗服务量表、精神慰藉服务量表、机构周边环境的需求量表、机构人员配置的需求量表和机构硬件设施的需求量表。选取邢台市下属乡镇的农村老人为研究对象发放问卷,收集数据并对数据进行了单因素方差分析,结果表明本文的研究假设全部成立。这就表明农村老年人对服务需求的差异会影响医养结合机构建设的需求。研究这些差异的意义在于根据老人不同的服务需求来建设和完善农村“医养结合”养老机构,从而满足更多农村老人的养老需求,避免家庭中代际之间的摩擦和矛盾,为农村老人创造一个幸福的晚年生活。
[Abstract]:With the process of urbanization, a large number of rural youth go to school or work in cities. The phenomenon of "empty nest old people" and "left-behind elderly people" is very common. This causes the rural elderly to have a higher demand and desire for social pension, especially in pension institutions. In addition, the majority of the elderly suffer from a decline in cognitive ability and physiological function as a result of their age. Aging in the body can induce a variety of degenerative chronic diseases, and if chronic diseases are not managed scientifically and reasonably, the disease will worsen. Even life-threatening. All kinds of conditions indicate that the demand for medical care for the aged in our country is increasing day by day, and with the increasing demand of the elderly for the aged, the pattern of the combination of medical care and support for the aged appears in the life of the elderly. "combination of medical care and nursing" not only provides care for the elderly, but also pays more attention to the health of the elderly, and devotes to providing professional medical services for the elderly. In the face of the complex and diverse needs of the elderly, this paper takes the needs of the rural elderly as a starting point to analyze the influence of the different service intentions of the rural elderly on the establishment of the institution of "combination of medical care and support". This paper explores the specific requirements for the institution construction of "combination of medical care and support" for the elderly in rural areas, and provides theoretical references for the construction of medical and nursing institutions in rural areas. The demand of the rural elderly in this paper mainly refers to the service demand of the rural elderly. According to the relevant references, the service needs of the rural elderly are divided into life care service needs, medical service needs and spiritual comfort service needs. The construction needs of the old-age care institutions are divided into three aspects: the need for the surrounding environment, the need for the organization's staffing, and the demand for the organization's hardware facilities. By reading the relevant references, this paper draws up the research model, puts forward the relevant research hypotheses, designs the questionnaire according to the content of the research hypotheses, and revises the questionnaire repeatedly on the basis of the pre-survey. Finally, the questionnaire is divided into six sub-scales: life care service scale, medical service scale, psychological comfort service scale, the demand table of the surrounding environment of the organization, the demand table of the organization's staffing and the demand table of the organization's hardware facilities. Selecting the rural elderly in Xingtai as the research object, collecting the data and carrying on the analysis of variance of the data, the results show that the research hypothesis of this paper is all right. This indicates that the difference in service demand of the elderly in rural areas will affect the needs of medical and nursing institutions. The significance of studying these differences lies in the construction and improvement of rural "combination of medical care and support" old-age care institutions according to the different service needs of the elderly, so as to meet the needs of more rural elderly people for the aged, and to avoid intergenerational friction and contradictions in the family. Create a happy old age for the rural elderly.
【学位授予单位】：河北经贸大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R197.1;D669.6

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