委任制下香港特区政府与建制派政党关系探析

发布时间：2018-10-21 11:32

【摘要】：香港问题的出现以及选举机制的引入为香港政党的产生提供了历史契机和制度条件。香港政党自产生以来积极参与97前后的各种选举,事实证明政党已经成为香港政治舞台上一股不可忽视的政治力量。鉴于香港的宪制地位和实际情况,基本法中的制度设计不仅确立了香港政治发展的普选民主目标而且巧妙回避了政党政治问题。回归后政治形势的变化使得立法会建制派政党议员成为特区政府施政的主要议会支持力量。但由于行政长官的无党派身份以及政府管治体系对政党的排斥使得立法会建制派政党对政府的支持不具有稳定性。再加上特区政府管治人才的不足、施政经验的缺乏以及逐步恶化的政治生态使得政府的管治日益困难,行政主导严重削弱。政治委任制度的进一步发展以及特区政府对政党人士的职务任命使香港政党政治的发展空间进一步扩大。政党人士加入政府参与管治不仅使特区政府具备了一定程度的“政党性”而且利于政府获得渐趋稳定的议会支持进而利于提升施政效率。事实证明自第三届政府以来,获政府职务任命的政党在立法会对政府的支持较委任前有所增加,但这些支持还不具有足够的稳定性,还无法有力地推动政府提高施政效率。因此,在未来的管治实践中特区政府不仅要继续扩大对政党人士的职务任命,而且要改变目前主要委任民建联、自由党等少数建制派政党人士的格局,要适当增加对其他建制派政党(如工联会、新民党)人士的政治委任以增强议会支持力量和管治基础进而使议会的支持形成足够的稳定性以利于政府施政效率的进一步提升;同时,由于政治委任制度本身尚有缺陷且招致了诸多批评,因此进一步完善制度细节以使其优势得以充分发挥显得尤为必要。
[Abstract]:The emergence of the Hong Kong issue and the introduction of the electoral mechanism provide historical opportunities and institutional conditions for the emergence of political parties in Hong Kong. Hong Kong's political parties have actively participated in various elections before and after 1997, and facts have proved that political parties have become a political force that cannot be ignored in Hong Kong's political arena. In view of the constitutional status and actual situation of Hong Kong, the system design in the basic Law not only establishes the democratic goal of universal suffrage in the political development of Hong Kong, but also cleverly avoids the question of party politics. The changes in the political situation after the reunification made political party members of the Legislative Council the main parliamentary support force in the administration of the SAR Government. However, due to the non-partisan status of the Chief Executive and the rejection of political parties by the governing system of the Government, the support for the government by the ruling parties of the Legislative Council is not stable. Coupled with the shortage of governance personnel in the SAR Government, the lack of experience in governance and the deteriorating political environment have made it increasingly difficult for the Government to govern and the executive-led government has been severely weakened. The further development of the political appointment system and the appointment of political party personnel by the SAR Government further expand the scope for the development of political party politics in Hong Kong. The participation of political party members in government participation not only enables the SAR Government to have a certain degree of "party character", but also helps the government to gain the support of a more stable legislature and thus to enhance the efficiency of its administration. It has proved that since the third term of government, the political parties appointed by the government have increased their support for the government in the Legislative Council than before the appointment, but these support is not stable enough to push the government to improve the efficiency of its administration. Therefore, in the future practice of governance, the SAR Government should not only continue to expand the appointment of political party personnel, but also change the existing pattern of appointing a small number of political party members, such as the Democratic Alliance for Betterment of Hong Kong (DAB) and the Liberal Party, etc. Political appointments to other political parties (such as the Hong Kong Federation of Trade unions (FTU) and the New Democracy Party) should be appropriately increased in order to enhance the support of the Council and the foundation of its governance so as to provide sufficient stability for the support of the Council so as to further enhance the efficiency of the Government's administration; At the same time, due to the defects of the political appointment system itself and a lot of criticism, it is necessary to further improve the system details so as to give full play to its advantages.
【学位授予单位】：深圳大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D676.58

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