浅析普京执政以来俄罗斯的东进战略

发布时间：2018-11-14 10:04

【摘要】：东进战略是指俄罗斯对外战略的重心向乌拉尔山以东的中亚、远东及亚太地区移动。俄罗斯横跨欧亚大陆,独特的地理环境赋予了俄罗斯独特的历史文化传统,从古至今,俄罗斯历史上经历了几次“钟摆式”的外交转向。冷战结束以来,俄罗斯曾有过“西进”的尝试,但最终遭遇失败,随之,其外交重心开始再次向东转。执政初期,普京就已经表示,要想实现俄罗斯的民族复兴就一定要借助“东方力量”。2012年,普京再次当选俄罗斯总统,提出了开发远东、融入亚太的东进战略,并在中央政府设立远东发展部。2014年,乌克兰成为俄与美欧战略竞争的焦点,俄罗斯与欧美之间战略冲突加剧,俄罗斯的西部战略空间被不断压缩。这更进一步推动了俄罗斯将战略重心东移,不断加强同中亚、亚太地区的国家及地区组织之间的关系。同时,在实施过程中,东进战略也面临着一系列的制约和挑战,克服这些困难、有效地将东进战略推进下去对俄罗斯的发展至关重要。东进战略是一项综合性的国家发展战略,其重点在于谋求东部地区发展,提升俄罗斯在亚太地区的影响力,主要包含国内和国际两个层面的内容。但俄罗斯的东进不等于忽视西方,而是在关注西方的同时提升对东方的关注,最终是为俄罗斯的国家利益服务的。
[Abstract]:The eastward strategy refers to the shift of Russia's foreign strategy to Central Asia, the far East and the Asia-Pacific region east of the Urals. Russia straddles Eurasia, and its unique geographical environment gives Russia a unique historical and cultural tradition. Since ancient times, Russia has experienced several "pendulum" diplomatic turns in its history. Since the end of the Cold War, Russia has tried to advance westward, but failed, and its diplomatic center of gravity began to turn eastward again. In the early days of his administration, Putin had already indicated that in order to realize Russia's national rejuvenation, it must rely on "eastern forces." in 2012, Putin was re-elected Russian president and put forward a strategy of developing the far East and integrating into the Asia-Pacific region. In 2014, Ukraine became the focus of strategic competition between Russia and the United States and Europe, the strategic conflict between Russia and Europe intensified, and Russia's western strategic space was continuously compressed. This has further pushed Russia to shift its strategic focus eastward and to strengthen its relations with countries and regional organizations in Central Asia and the Asia-Pacific region. At the same time, in the process of implementation, the eastward strategy is facing a series of constraints and challenges. To overcome these difficulties and effectively push forward the eastward strategy is of great importance to the development of Russia. The eastward development strategy is a comprehensive national development strategy, which focuses on seeking the development of the eastern region and enhancing Russia's influence in the Asia-Pacific region, which mainly includes both domestic and international aspects. But Russia's eastward advance does not mean ignoring the West, but raising its attention to the East while focusing on the West, and ultimately serving Russia's national interests.
【学位授予单位】：外交学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D851.2

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