新加坡威权政治的民主化改革

发布时间：2018-04-24 02:24

本文选题：新加坡 + 威权政治　；参考：《山东师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：新加坡作为一个新兴的民族国家,是二战后才成立的,在新加坡人民行动党政府的领导下,新加坡在国民经济建设以及现代化发展领域获得了极大的成功。新加坡人民行动党创造的奇迹很大一部分受益于其独特的威权政治模式。一个国家实现自身现代化的重要途径之一就是实现政治体制的民主化。威权主义国家在实现其自身的民主化过程中选择的模式各不一样,但是绝大部分都引起了国家政治的动荡。新加坡的威权主义政治发展模式以其独特的特征,受到了政治学领域的强烈关注。威权政治作为一种比较特殊的政治形态,形成于后发国家早期的现代化进程中,威权主义政治形态为新加坡的现代化建设起到了非常重要的推进作用。但是威权主义政治形态具有强烈的过渡性特征,这一政治形态势必会伴随着经济社会的发展,逐渐过渡到民主化政治形态。目前,新加坡的政治形态正处于这一过渡时期,研究新加坡的民主进程具有重要的现实意义。首先,新加坡作为东南亚甚至世界范围内威权政治的成功典型,在面对世界民主化浪潮和本国社会发展的现实下,如何向民主化转型不仅对新加坡自身而言具有重大意义,对世界其他实行威权政治的类似国家同样具有一定的参考意义;其次,李光耀于2015年3月23日逝世,使得外界对于新加坡未来政治走向持更多的观望态度;再次,对新加坡政治制度的研究虽然在国内已经开展多年并取得了很多理论成果,但是在东南亚民主化的新形势下,特别是近两年泰国反对派街头政治和近期缅甸的民主选举的大背景下,赋予对新加坡威权政治与民主化转型的研究以新的现实意义;最后,新加坡的民主化转型和社会治理经验对于我国深化改革同样具有一定的参考意义。随着新加坡威权政治相关现象在国内越来越引起重视,国内的学者也在不断的强化对新加坡威权政治和民主化转型的相关研究,对于我国而言,新加坡威权政治与渐进式民主转型目前已经引起了该领域专家学者的广泛关注,国内众多学者对这一课题进行了深入的研究,形成了一批具有理论价值和现实价值的研究成果。全文共分为七部分,第一部分为绪论,介绍了本文的研究背景与意义、国内外研究现状、研究方法以及创新之处;第二部分分析了新加坡威权政治的理论基础和特征;第三部分阐述了新加坡威权政治的实践及其成就;第四部分分析了新加坡威权政治向民主化转型的动力要素:新加坡威权政治的特殊性和过渡性,新加坡威权政治的自身缺陷和风险性,新加坡社会内部发展对民主转型的要求,世界范围内民主化浪潮的压力;第五部分讨论了新加坡威权政治民主化的渐进式推进改革;第六部分对新加坡民主化改革进行了评述及前景展望;最后一部分对全文进行了总结。
[Abstract]:Singapore, as a new nation-state, was established after World War II. Under the leadership of the people's Action Party of Singapore, Singapore has achieved great success in the field of national economic construction and modernization. Singapore's people's Action Party has done much of its wonders thanks to its unique authoritarian political model. One of the important ways for a country to realize its own modernization is to democratize the political system. Authoritarian states choose different models to realize their own democratization, but most of them cause political upheaval. Singapore's authoritarian political development model, with its unique characteristics, has been a strong concern in the field of political science. Authoritarian politics, as a relatively special political form, was formed in the early modernization process of the developing countries. The authoritarian political form played a very important role in the modernization construction of Singapore. However, the political form of authoritarianism has strong transitional characteristics, which will inevitably be accompanied by the development of economy and society, and gradually transition to the political form of democratization. At present, Singapore's political form is in this transitional period. It is of great practical significance to study Singapore's democratic process. First of all, as a successful example of authoritarian politics in Southeast Asia and even around the world, Singapore's transition to democratization is not only of great significance to Singapore itself in the face of the wave of democratization in the world and the reality of its social development. It is also of certain reference significance to other similar countries in the world where authoritarian politics is practised. Secondly, the death of Li Guangyao on March 23, 2015, has made the outside world hold a more wait-and-see attitude towards Singapore's future politics. Again, Although the study of Singapore's political system has been carried out in China for many years and has achieved many theoretical results, but in the new situation of democratization in Southeast Asia, In particular, the recent two years of Thai opposition street politics and the recent democratic elections in Myanmar have given new practical significance to the study of Singapore's authoritarian politics and democratic transition. Singapore's democratic transition and social governance experience also have certain reference significance for deepening the reform of our country. With the increasing attention paid to the phenomenon of autocratic politics in Singapore, domestic scholars are constantly strengthening the relevant research on the transition of authoritarian politics and democratization in Singapore. Singapore autocratic politics and gradual democratic transformation have attracted extensive attention of experts and scholars in this field. Many domestic scholars have conducted in-depth research on this subject, forming a number of theoretical and practical value of research results. The paper is divided into seven parts. The first part is the introduction, which introduces the background and significance of this paper, the research status at home and abroad, research methods and innovations, the second part analyzes the theoretical basis and characteristics of authoritarian politics in Singapore. The third part expounds the practice and achievements of Singapore's authoritarian politics, and the fourth part analyzes the driving factors of the transition from Singapore's authoritarian politics to democratization: the particularity and transition of Singapore's authoritarian politics. The defects and risks of Singapore's autocratic politics, the demand of the internal development of Singapore's society for democratic transformation, the pressure of the wave of democratization in the world, the fifth part discusses the gradual advance of the reform of Singapore's authoritarian politics democratization. The sixth part reviews and prospects the democratization reform in Singapore, and the last part summarizes the full text.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D733.9

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