美国进步主义时期的政府管制研究

发布时间：2018-07-04 13:32

本文选题：进步主义 + 政府管制　；参考：《东北财经大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：美国进步主义时期对美国历史以及公共管理理论发展有着重要影响。这一时期一般是指19世纪90年代到20世纪20年代。在此之前,美国经历了巨大的经济与社会变迁,并迅速地从一个乡村社会转变成一个城市社会。同时,随着财富集中,贫富悬殊逐渐加大,社会公平问题凸现出来。然而,从联邦到地方美国的国家结构基本上仍然是建国之初成型的有限政府,依旧充当“守夜人”角色的政府不能及时解决经济和社会变迁带来的各种新问题,于是19世纪末,一些“进步派”的人士开始探讨政府职能,研究新的政府管制方法,并以中产阶级为主发起了一场增强政府管制的改革运动。本文以这一时期的国内外研究成果为基础,探讨美国进步主义时期政府管制的具体措施和成功经验。在框架结构上,论文分为以下四个部分：导论介绍进步主义政府管制研究的选题意义和研究意义,并简要介绍了国内外学者从各角度对进步主义运动研究的主要观点。第二章主要介绍进步主义运动产生的时代背景。进步主义运动产生于美国由农业社会向工业社会转型的历史时期。这一时期的美国社会在工业化与城市化的过程中,社会财富和社会贫困都急剧增加,垄断企业盲目追求利润,官商勾结。而美国政府在经历了南北战争后,管制权力得到了增强,并逐步增强政府对市场的干预程度,最终已对铁路实施管制的州际商业法案实现了以政府管制手段解决市场失灵的方案,最终演变为增强政府职能的进步主义运动。第三章详细介绍了美国进步主义时期政府管制的发展变化。分别从经济与社会角度介绍了美国政府对经济与社会问题所做的具体政策,并总结出这—时期里美国政府管制的主要特点。第四章简要介绍了中国政府管制的已取得的成就和面临的挑战,并提出了三点合理有效实施政府管制的政策建议。
[Abstract]:The period of American progressionism had an important influence on the development of American history and the theory of public administration. This period generally refers to the 1890s to the 1920s. Prior to this, the United States experienced tremendous economic and social changes, and rapidly transformed from a rural society to a urban society. At the same time, with the concentration of wealth, the gap between the rich and the poor gradually increased, the social equity problem emerged. However, the state structure from the Union to the local United States was basically still a limited government formed at the beginning of the founding of the people's Republic, and the government that still acted as a "night-watchman" could not solve the new problems brought about by economic and social changes in time, so at the end of the 19th century, Some "progressives" began to explore the role of government, to study new methods of government regulation, and to launch a reform campaign to strengthen government regulation, mainly in the middle class. Based on the domestic and foreign research results of this period, this paper discusses the concrete measures and successful experiences of government regulation in the progressive period of the United States. In terms of frame structure, the thesis is divided into four parts: introduction, introduction to the significance and significance of the research on progressive government regulation. And briefly introduced the domestic and foreign scholars from various angles to the progressive movement of the main points of view. The second chapter mainly introduces the background of the progressive movement. The progressive movement came into being in the historical period of the transition from the agricultural society to the industrial society in the United States. In the process of industrialization and urbanization in this period, social wealth and social poverty increased sharply, monopoly enterprises blindly pursued profits, government and business colluded with each other. After the Civil War, the US government strengthened its regulatory power and gradually increased the degree of government intervention in the market. Finally, the Interstate Commercial Act, which has implemented the regulation of railways, realized the solution of market failure by means of government regulation, and finally evolved into a progressive movement to strengthen the functions of the government. The third chapter introduces the development and change of government regulation in American Progressive period in detail. This paper introduces the specific policies of American government on economic and social problems from the angle of economy and society, and summarizes the main characteristics of American government regulation in this period. The fourth chapter briefly introduces the achievements and challenges of Chinese government regulation, and puts forward three policy suggestions on how to carry out government regulation reasonably and effectively.
【学位授予单位】：东北财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D771.2

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