非国有不可移动文物：集体、私人所有与公共管理的悖论及其对策思考

发布时间：2018-02-21 23:29

本文关键词： 非国有不可移动文物产权公共管理博弈　出处：《武汉大学》2017年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：非国有不可移动文物作为我国文化遗产的重要组成部分,具有较大的管理难度,其原因主要在于产权状况复杂,责任主体各异,政府在实践中所能提供的监督和帮助较为有限。因此,如何在不侵害非国有不可移动文物所有者和使用者利益的前提下,尽可能地实现公共利益,满足公众以及国家对非国有不可移动文物保护的基本要求,便成为一个极具现实意义的问题。本文试图借助公共管理、经济学和法学相关理论,完成对非国有不可移动文物产权结构特点、管理制度的变迁路径、保护实践中的博弈特点等现实问题的分析讨论,最终提出较为完备的有关非国有不可移动文物管理的对策建议。在研究方法上,本文以文献研究法、理论分析与实证调研相结合、共性研究与个性研究相结合等方法,通过对我国非国有不可移动文物保护的制度变迁以及利益相关者的博弈分析,总结我国非国有不可移动文物的现实困境及原因,提出相应的保护对策,以期能为日后我国非国有不可移动文物保护工作提供政策思路,实现文化遗产保护与利用的双重目标,推动我国文化遗产保护工作的可持续性发展。本文的研究内容主要包括:(一)简述非国有不可移动文物的基本概况,其中包括产权特点、地理分布、类型分布等,并详细论述有关非国有不可移动文物管理的法律和政策变迁路径,最后对非国有不可移动文物管理的机构、经费、措施及评价效果现状进行分析,寻找能够改变非国有不可移动文物管理现状的因应策略;(二)对近几年较有影响的非国有不可移动文物保护和利用案例进行详细介绍,分析案例发生的前因后果,并根据案例发生的不同原因对非国有不可移动文物的管理对策进行科学分类;(三)借助博弈论,全面分析非国有不可移动文物保护和利用矛盾发生的深层原因,致力于破解非国有不可移动文物保护和利用之间的利益均衡难题;(四)梳理政策经验,包括国内经验和国际经验,其中国内经验包括我国较为成功的城市非国有不可移动文物的保护与利用经验,以及城镇化进程中传统村(镇)落的整体保护与利用经验。国外经验主要包括英、美、法、日、意等国的文物保护相关经验;(五)针对我国非国有不可移动文物保护面临的现实困境,并借鉴部分地区的成功经验,从制度保障策略、财政投入策略和政策实施策略三个维度提出改进我国非国有不可移动文物管理工作的政策建议。
[Abstract]:As an important part of China's cultural heritage, non-state-owned immovable cultural relics have great difficulty in management, mainly due to the complexity of property rights and the different subjects of responsibility. The supervision and assistance that the government can provide in practice is limited. Therefore, how to realize the public interest as far as possible without infringing the interests of the owners and users of non-state-owned immovable cultural relics. To meet the basic requirements of the public and the state for the protection of non-state-owned immovable cultural relics has become a problem of great practical significance. This paper attempts to use the relevant theories of public administration, economics and law. To complete the analysis and discussion on the characteristics of property right structure of non-state-owned immovable cultural relics, the changing path of management system, the game characteristics of protection practice, and so on. Finally, the author puts forward more complete countermeasures and suggestions on non-state-owned immovable cultural relic management. In terms of research methods, this paper combines literature research, theoretical analysis with empirical research, generality research and individuality research, and so on. Based on the analysis of the institutional changes of the non-state-owned immovable cultural relics protection and the game analysis of the stakeholders, this paper summarizes the realistic predicament and reasons of the non-state-owned immovable cultural relics in China, and puts forward the corresponding protection countermeasures. In order to provide policy ideas for the protection of non-state-owned immovable cultural relics in the future, and to realize the dual goals of protecting and utilizing cultural heritage, To promote the sustainable development of the protection of cultural heritage in China. The research contents of this paper mainly include: (1) A brief introduction to the basic situation of non-state-owned immovable cultural relics, including the characteristics of property rights, geographical distribution, distribution of types, etc. It also discusses in detail the law and policy transition path of non-state-owned immovable cultural relic management, and finally analyzes the present situation of the organization, funds, measures and evaluation results of the non-state-owned immovable cultural relic management. Looking for countermeasures to change the current situation of non-state-owned immovable cultural relic management: (2) to introduce in detail the cases of protection and utilization of non-state-owned immovable cultural relics that have been more influential in recent years, and to analyze the causes and consequences of the occurrence of these cases. According to the different reasons of the cases, the paper classifies the management countermeasures of non-state-owned immovable cultural relics scientifically. (3) with the help of game theory, the deep reasons for the conflicts between the protection and utilization of non-state-owned immovable cultural relics are comprehensively analyzed. Committed to solving the problem of balancing interests between the conservation and utilization of non-state-owned immovable cultural relics (4) combing policy experience, including domestic and international experiences, The domestic experience includes the protection and utilization of non-state-owned immovable cultural relics in China's relatively successful cities, as well as the overall protection and utilization of traditional villages (towns) in the process of urbanization. Foreign experiences mainly include Britain, the United States, France, and Japan. The relevant experience of cultural relic conservation in Italy and other countries (5) in view of the practical difficulties faced by the non-state-owned immovable cultural relic conservation in China, and draw lessons from the successful experiences of some regions, from the system protection strategy, Three dimensions of financial input strategy and policy implementation strategy are proposed to improve the management of non-state-owned immovable cultural relics in China.
【学位授予单位】：武汉大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K86

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