瓜州塔考辨

发布时间：2018-02-23 22:08

本文关键词： 瓜州塔塔尔寺莫高窟藏传佛教西夏　出处：《敦煌研究》2017年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：瓜州锁阳城塔尔寺遗址大塔,学界认定为西夏之物,并推定其前身为中华十九座舍利塔之一的瓜州塔。据载,瓜州塔建立于北周时期,但那时的瓜州其实是敦煌,治所在沙州古城,与今天的瓜州同名而异地。"瓜州塔"建于崇教寺,即今莫高窟,与瓜州锁阳城塔尔寺遗址大塔无干;榆林窟第15、16窟所见阿育王寺,应为山丹或武威的阿育王寺,绝非锁阳城塔尔寺;瓜州锁阳城现存大塔具有明显的藏传佛教特征,但没有证据可将之断代于西夏,相反,塔尔寺遗址发现的西夏文六字真言残片恰巧可以证明该寺为元代之遗存,因为六字真言独立作为藏传佛教供奉对象,并逐步流行全国,是从元代开始的。根据各种迹象,可以把今天所见藏传佛教风格塔尔寺塔的修建时代,推定在1276年或1289年之后不久。
[Abstract]:Tower Guazhou Suo Yangcheng Kumbum Monastery ruins, scholars identified as Xixia, and its predecessor is the presumption of nineteen stupas of Guazhou tower. According to the load, the tower built in the Northern Zhou Dynasty Guazhou, but is actually where the Dunhuang Guazhou, Sha Zhou City, and today the same name and places. "Guazhou Guazhou tower" built in Chong Temple, namely Mogao Grottoes today, and has nothing to do with large Guazhou Suo Yangcheng Kumbum Monastery ruins; ayuwang temple at Yulin cave No. 15,16 cave, for Shandan or Wuwei Asoka temple, Kumbum Monastery is suoyangcheng; the existing tower has Guazhou Suo Yangcheng Tibetan Buddhism characteristics, but there is no evidence for dating can be Xixia, on the contrary, debris the Xixia six words of Kumbum Monastery ruins found to prove that the temple of the Yuan Dynasty relics, because six words as independent Tibetan Buddhist worship object, and gradually popular throughout the country, from the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty. According to the signs, today can be seen in Tibetan Buddhism temple built tall style era, shortly after the 1276 or 1289 presumption.

【作者单位】：敦煌研究院民族宗教文化研究所;
【基金】：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“敦煌民族史研究”(14JJD770006)
【分类号】：K878.6

【相似文献】