济南刘家庄遗址商周时期居民人口与疾病状况研究

发布时间：2018-02-24 14:12

本文关键词： 体质人类学刘家庄遗址商周时期人骨古病理　出处：《山东大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：刘家庄遗址所在的济南,从地理位置上看,此处是山东半岛与华北平原的过度地带,自古就是华北平原和山东半岛间的交通要道。大量的考古学材料表明,早在8000年前这里就是后李文化的一个集中分布带。在商代,济南成为东夷族和华夏族的交接地带,中原华夏文化发展到东方,济南是一个避不开的战略要地。而在周代,济南又是齐文化和鲁文化的交接地带,使得这里成为齐、鲁之间的战略要地。独特的地理位置,不同文化的连续碰撞,必定对商周时期济南居民的人口状况和体质情况产生了重大的影响。这就使得对济南刘家庄遗址商周时期居民的人口状况和疾病状况的研究显得十分重要。本文运用了人口学、测量学、病理学、法医学、统计学等多学科的研究方法,对济南刘家庄遗址出土的商周时期人骨材料进行了性别、年龄鉴定和疾病状况分析,为全面了解商周时期山东地区居民的人口情况和体质健康状况提供了必要的参考数据。全文一共分六章。第一章绪论简要的介绍了刘家庄遗址的自然地理位置,概述了该地区商周时期独特的区位特点,并阐明了本文的研究目的和意义。第二章刘家庄遗址商周时期居民的性别年龄鉴定及人口学研究通过对人骨材料的性别、年龄鉴定,对刘家庄遗址商周时期居民的性别构成和年龄结构进行了分析,计算了当时居民的平均死亡年龄和平均预期寿命,并与同时代其他遗址的居民进行性别和死亡年龄段的比较。在此基础上对刘家庄遗址商周时期居民的人口状况进行综合性的分析与研究。第三章齿科疾病与牙齿状况通过对牙齿进行观察,对刘家庄遗址商周时期居民的龋病、牙结石、牙周病、根尖周病和牙齿生前脱落情况进行统计分析,分析其产生的原因,并结合牙齿磨耗综合分析牙齿磨耗对齿科疾病的影响以及齿科疾病间的相互关系。牙结石是刘家庄遗址居民其他齿科疾病产生的一个主要诱因。由齿科疾病的发生情况可以推测刘家庄组古代居民的食物结构以植物性食物为主,以动物性食物为辅。刘家庄组居民男女两性在口腔疾病的发生率上存在男女两性差异可能在一定程度上反映了男女两性在选择食物的类型或加工方式上的差别。第四章创伤通过对骨骼创伤情况进行观察,分析不同创伤产生的原因。刘家庄居民较低的创伤比率以及创伤产生的原因以摔倒、撞击、挤压等为主,反应了当时该地区社会结构还是比较稳定的,并没有发生大规模的暴力冲突。第五章骨骼疾病通过对骨骼疾病情况进行观察,综合分析各种疾病产生的原因。男性患退行性关节病的比率明显高于女性个体的原因表明刘家庄遗址居民在社会生活中存在明显的男女分工不同,男性在社会生活中长期承担着较重的体力劳动。跪坐在刘家庄遗址居民中普遍存在,并且女性跪距面比率高于男性。刘家庄遗址感染化脓性关节病和骨膜炎的个体在感染后得到了良好的照料,甚至有明显的愈合迹象。刘家庄遗址商周时期居民男性患贫血比率大大超过女性,出现这一问题的原因可能是由于男女两性食物选择上的差异造成的。肿瘤性疾病主要是良性骨肿瘤。第六章结语对前五章内容进行概括与总结。
[Abstract]:The Liu Jia Zhuang ruins in Ji'nan, geographically, here is the transition zone of the Shandong Peninsula and the North China Plain, is the ancient North China Plain and the Shandong peninsula between the traffic. A large number of archaeological materials show that, as early as 8000 years ago, here is a set of Li Culture in the distribution zone. In the Shang Dynasty, Ji'nan as the Yi nationality and the Huaxia transfer zone, Huaxia Culture Development to the East, Ji'nan is an unavoidable strategic point. But in Zhou Dai, Ji'nan is the Qi culture and Lu culture transfer zone, making it a strategic location between Qi, Lu. The unique geographical location, continuous collision of different cultures certainly, has great influence on the Shang and Zhou dynasties of Ji'nan residents population status and physical condition. It makes the research on the population status and disease status of residents in Ji'nan Liu Jia Zhuang ruins of the Shang and Zhou Dynasties is very heavy To be for the use of the demographic, surveying, pathology, forensic science, statistics and other multidisciplinary research methods, human bone material of Shang and Zhou dynasties unearthed in Ji'nan Liu Jia Zhuang of site of gender, age identification and analysis of disease status, and provide reference data for a comprehensive understanding of the population situation and health status of residents in Shandong in Shang and Zhou dynasties. The article is divided into six chapters. The first chapter briefly introduces the natural geographical location of Liu Jia Zhuang site, summarizes the unique features of the location area of Shang and Zhou dynasties, and expounds the research purpose and significance. The second chapter age gender identification and demographic research sites during the Shang and Zhou residents Liu Jia Zhuang according to human bone age identification of sex, sex and age structure of residents in Shang and Zhou period ruins Liu Jia Zhuang is analyzed, then the residents of the average death calculation Age and life expectancy, and compared with other sites at the same time residents of the gender and age of death. Through comprehensive analysis and Research on the basis of the Shang and Zhou period site residents Liu Jia Zhuang population. In the third chapter, dental disease and tooth condition through the teeth were observed, the residents of Shang Liu Jia Zhuang ruins during the period of dental caries, dental calculus, periodontal disease, periapical diseases and teeth premortem loss were analyzed, the analysis of its causes, and combined with the relationship between the comprehensive analysis of tooth wear influence of tooth wear of dental disease and dental disease. Dental calculus is a major cause of dental disease and other residents Liu Jia Zhuang the site is generated. By the occurrence of dental disease can speculate the food structure of the ancient inhabitants of Liu Jia Zhuang group to plant-based foods in animal food supplement. Liu Jia Zhuang group ranks The people of both sexes in the incidence of oral diseases on gender differences may partly reflect gender differences in the choice of food types or processing methods. The difference between the fourth chapter of the wound by skeletal trauma were observed, analysis of different trauma causes. Liu Jia Zhuang residents is relatively low ratio and trauma the wound to fall, collision, extrusion, reflects the social structure of the region is relatively stable, and no large-scale violence. The fifth chapter through the bone disease on bone disease were observed, the comprehensive analysis of the reasons of various diseases. The ratio of male patients with degenerative joint disease was significantly higher than that of female individual residents show that Liu Jia Zhuang ruins exist in social life significantly different division of men and women in social life, the male bears heavier body Labor force. Guizuo exists in resident Liu Jia Zhuang ruins, and women kneeling facing ratio than men. From the ruins of Liu Jia Zhuang infected suppurative periostitis of individual joint disease and get good care after infection, even there are obvious signs of healing. The ruins of the Shang and Zhou dynasties Liu Jia Zhuang male residents suffering from anemia is significantly more than women. This problem may be due to gender differences in the choice of food. The tumor disease is mainly benign bone tumor. The sixth chapter is the conclusion of the first five chapters are summarized and summarized.

【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：K878.8

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