横岭山墓地及相关问题初步研究

发布时间：2018-03-02 23:00

本文选题：横岭山墓地　切入点：商周时期　出处：《山东大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：横岭山墓地是目前广东地区发现的规模最大的商周时期墓地,墓葬数量众多,出土了一批丰富的随葬器物,是探究广东地区商周时期考古学文化的面貌和发展变化的一份很好的材料。本文在前人研究成果的基础上,运用考古学方法对墓地出土器物、墓葬布局等进行进一步的梳理,探讨墓地所反映的文化内涵、发展变化及与周边地区相关文化类型的互动关系。本文共分为四个部分：第一章为绪论,回顾广东地区青铜时代文化及横岭山墓地的研究历史,并论述本文的研究思路和研究方法。第二章、第三章是本文的重点。第二章运用考古学方法对墓地进行进一步梳理。首先以考古地层学相关理论方法,结合博罗梅花墩窑址、银岗遗址和深圳黄竹园遗址,界定墓地所处的相对年代,以夔纹陶为主要特征的遗存早于以米字纹陶为主要特征的遗存,以夹砂陶、泥质软陶和较硬泥质陶为主的遗存早于以夔纹陶为主要特征的遗存。然后结合周围地区商周时期各文化类型的文化内涵及发展演变的一般规律,对墓葬出土典型器物(陶釜、陶罐、陶瓮、陶簋、陶瓿、陶豆、原始瓷豆、陶纺轮、铜斧、铜刮刀、玉块、水晶块等)的型式划分做进一步的归纳和整理；根据典型器物(组合)把墓葬分为九段,归纳每一阶段的文化特征；在分段的基础上,根据每阶段文化特征差异大小分为五期,根据每期典型器物与周围地区的比较,推测其所属年代。接下来运用文化因素分析的方法对随葬器物进行讨论,共分七组,A组为自新石器时代晚期以来,华南地区各类型文化普遍存在的土著文化传统；B组为来自粤东闽南地区商代中期的文化因素；C组为浮滨文化所代表的商代晚期至西周时期的土著文化因素；D组为来自赣鄱流域的文化因素；E组为来自湘江流域的文化因素；F组为融合型遗存,是来自中原的文化因素通过各渠道到达本地后,产生的融合多种文化因素的特色遗存;G组为来自江南地区文化因素。通过探讨每一期段所包含文化因素类型、主导因素,观察各文化因素的发展、演变过程。第三章首先探索墓地的布局,通过整理出各期段墓葬的空间位置,归纳其分布的特点,并探讨同一期段内墓地布局所反映的可能的社会现象等问题,以及随时间推移,不同期段间墓地布局所发生的变化。其次,分析商周时期博罗地区与珠江三角洲地区、粤东闽南地区、赣鄱流域、湘江流域等地区相关文化类型的互动关系。最后,讨论“夔纹陶类型”文化命名问题,赞同命名为“大梅沙文化”的提议。第四章,总结全文。
[Abstract]:The Heng Ling Mountain Cemetery is the largest graveyard found in Guangdong during the Shang and Zhou dynasties, with a large number of tombs unearthed from a large number of funerary objects. It is a good material to explore the appearance and development of archaeological culture in Shang and Zhou dynasties in Guangdong. Based on the previous research results, this paper further combs the unearthed objects and burial layout of cemeteries by using archaeological methods. This paper discusses the cultural connotation, development and change of the graveyard and its interaction with the related cultural types in the surrounding areas. This paper is divided into four parts:. The first chapter is an introduction which reviews the history of bronze age culture and Hengling Mountain Cemetery in Guangdong and discusses the research ideas and methods of this paper. Chapter two, chapter three is the focus of this paper. Chapter two uses archaeological methods to further comb the cemetery. Firstly, with the relevant theories of archaeological stratigraphy, combined with the kiln site of Bolo Meihua Dun, Yingang site and Huangzhuyuan site in Shenzhen, Defining the relative age of the graveyard, the remains of the Kui-textured pottery are earlier than those characterized by the rice grain pottery, and the gravel-grained pottery is the main feature of the graveyard. The remains of muddy soft pottery and hard clay pottery were earlier than those of Kui-textured pottery. Then combined with the cultural connotations of various cultural types and the general rules of development and evolution in the surrounding area during the Shang and Zhou dynasties, the typical objects (pottery kettle) unearthed in the tombs were analyzed. The types of pottery pots, pottery urns, pottery Gui, pottery poules, pottery beans, raw porcelain beans, pottery spinning wheels, copper axes, copper scrapers, jade blocks, crystal blocks, etc.) were further summarized and arranged; the tombs were divided into nine sections according to typical objects (combinations). Summarize the cultural characteristics of each stage, divide them into five periods according to the differences in cultural characteristics of each stage, and compare the typical artifacts with the surrounding areas on the basis of each stage, Then we use the method of cultural factor analysis to discuss the funerary objects and divide them into seven groups: group A since the late Neolithic period. The aboriginal cultural tradition in South China is a cultural factor from the middle period of Shang Dynasty in Minnan area in eastern Guangdong. Group C is the representative of Fubin culture from the late Shang Dynasty to the Western Zhou Dynasty. Group D is the indigenous cultural factor of the late Shang Dynasty to the Western Zhou Dynasty. Cultural factors from the Gangpo River Basin: group E is a cultural factor from the Xiangjiang River basin and group F is a fusion remains. After the cultural factors from the Central Plains have reached the local level through various channels, the unique relics G group, which combines various cultural factors, is a cultural factor from the south of the Yangtze River. By discussing the types of cultural factors contained in each phase, the dominant factors are, Observe the development and evolution of various cultural factors. The third chapter explores the layout of the graveyard, summarizes the characteristics of the distribution of the graveyard, and discusses the possible social phenomena reflected in the layout of the graveyard in the same period, as well as over time, by sorting out the space location of the tombs in each period. Secondly, the interaction between the Boluo area and the Pearl River Delta region, the South Fujian region, the Ganpo River Basin, the Xiangjiang River Basin and other regions during the Shang and Zhou dynasties was analyzed. This paper discusses the naming of "Kui grain pottery type" culture, and endorses the proposal of naming "Dameisha culture". Chapter 4th, summing up the full text.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K878.8

【引证文献】