周原孔头沟遗址宋家墓地铜器的科学分析与研究

发布时间：2018-04-15 03:22

  本文选题：宋家墓地 + 青铜器　； 参考：《南方文物》2017年02期

【摘要】：孔头沟遗址宋家墓地是周原地区西周时期一处重要的非姬姓贵族墓葬。本研究对宋家墓地出土的56件铜器进行了金相分析,并对其中34件进行了电子探针波谱分析。分析结果显示,宋家墓地青铜器全部为锡青铜或铅锡青铜,其中锡青铜比例较大,而器物铅含量整体偏低。本次分析的铜器中有两件经过表面镀锡,多件薄壁器物为热锻成型。热锻器物铅含量水平整体低于铸造器物,其基体中夹杂物含量较少,铁、硫含量低于铸造器物及孔头沟铸铜遗址铜块。这一现象显示制作这些铜器的原料可能经过有意识地火法精炼,并在配置合金时不引入铅,以使材料更加适宜锻打。总体看来,宋家墓地铜器的多项工艺与材质特征都显示其青铜制作技术体系较为独特,可能与其他西周时期铜器群存在一定差异,需要进一步结合墓葬的考古学文化背景进行研究。
[Abstract]:Kongtougou site Song family cemetery is an important nobleman grave in Zhou Yuan area during the Western Zhou Dynasty.In this study, 56 bronze vessels unearthed in Song Dynasty cemetery were analyzed by metallography, and 34 of them were analyzed by electron probe spectroscopy.The results show that all bronze wares in Song Dynasty cemetery are tin bronze or lead tin bronze, among which the proportion of tin bronze is larger, and the lead content of the utensils is on the low side.Two of the copper vessels are tin plated, and many thin-wall objects are hot-forging.The content of lead in hot forging is lower than that in casting, the content of inclusions in matrix is less, the content of iron and sulfur is lower than that of casting and the copper block of cast-copper site in Kongtougou.This phenomenon indicates that the raw materials for making these copper vessels may have been deliberately refined by pyrolysis and that lead is not introduced in the alloying to make the materials more suitable for forging.As a whole, the characteristics of various techniques and materials of bronze ware in Song Dynasty cemetery show that its bronze making technology system is quite unique, which may be different from other bronze ware groups in the Western Zhou Dynasty.It is necessary to further study the archaeological cultural background of tombs.
【作者单位】： 北京科技大学科技史与文化遗产研究院;北京大学中国考古学研究中心;陕西省考古研究院;
【基金】：国家文物局文物保护科技优秀青年研究计划“田野考古与文物保护信息采集与定量处理技术研究”(No.2014226) 中国博士后基金“唐宋白银生产技术的冶金考古研究(NO.2016M591065)的资助
【分类号】：K876.41
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本文编号：1752300