战国魏西长城研究

发布时间：2018-05-01 14:38

本文选题：魏西长城 + 路线　；参考：《西北大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：魏西长城和南长城均是秦魏双方不断征战的产物,是战国时期最复杂的长城之一。魏西长城的研究,有助于了解秦魏发展史,甚至河西地区开发史等一系列问题,故有较高的学术价值；有助于了解河西地区自然环境的变迁情况,为该地区的发展提供极为重要的参考依据和借鉴作用,故有较强的现实意义。战国魏西长城之分布、路线等问题一直为史家所关注。经考证和实地调查,战国魏西长城主要分布在陕西省华阴市、澄城县、黄龙县、合阳县、韩城市、黄陵县、宜君县和富县等地区。所谓“滨洛”,更倾向指秦魏之边界,而非沿洛河筑长城。华(山)-渭(河)长城是魏在阴晋等城池受威胁之际所筑,目的是扼控豫西通道西口。合阳县—澄城县南线长城是魏在河西北部已失守后所筑,目的是拱卫河西南部领土安全。黄龙山南麓长城是魏在河西北部地区受威胁之际所筑,目的是拱卫少梁城等城池之安全。黄龙山西麓长城也是魏尽失河西地后所筑,目的是切断秦北进路线。富县长城是魏在雕阴等地受威胁之际所筑,目的是阻断秦东进路线。这些长城虽分不同时期筑成,目的均是控制往来交通要道、拱卫魏之领土安全。大荔县、蒲城县和白水县境内及华阴市东线的所谓“长城”,实为城址围墙。战国魏西长城之构筑采取“因地制宜、就地取材”的原则,将夯筑墙垣与山脉、河流相结合,以自然基础上人工夯筑为主,局部地段有人工基础及碾筑痕迹。夯筑墙体还有土质、土色、版次之差异。墙体与墩台、烽燧、障城等附属设施共同构成立体防御体系。墙体呈多道状错综分布以及附属设施数量少、间隔远、散落遗物等既是魏西长城的构筑特点,又是其防御特征。 “堑洛”是秦于魏势力西进而被迫退守洛河以防御之际,在洛河西岸局部地段进行铲削,使其陡峭以防御的工事,并非沿洛河西岸全线夯筑土质墙垣。雕阴、少梁、雒阴等城池是魏在河西地区所筑的主要城池。雕阴城位于甘泉县寺沟河遗址一带,少梁城由东、西少梁两个城池组成,雒阴城位于大荔县商原东高垣村西侧。它们是魏西长城防御体系的组成部分。
[Abstract]:Weixi the Great Wall and South the Great Wall are both the product of the continuous war between Qin and Wei dynasties, and are one of the most complicated the Great Wall in the warring States period. The study of the Great Wall in Weixi is helpful to understand a series of problems, such as the history of Qin and Wei history, and even the history of development in Hexi area, so it has higher academic value and helps to understand the changes of natural environment in Hexi region. It is of great practical significance for the development of this area to provide important reference basis and reference function. The distribution and route of the Great Wall during the warring States period have been concerned by historians. Through textual research and field investigation, the Great Wall is mainly distributed in Huayin City, Chengcheng County, Huanglong County, Heyang County, Hancheng County, Huangling County, Yijun County and Fuxian County of Shaanxi Province. Binluo, rather than the Great Wall along the Luohe River, tends to refer to the border of the Qin and Wei dynasties. The the Great Wall was built by Wei Dynasty at the time of the threat to Yin-Jin and other cities, in order to control the west entrance of the western passage of Henan Province. The Great Wall, the southern line of Heyang County-Chengcheng County, was built by Wei Zaihe in the northwest of the river, for the purpose of territorial security in the southern part of the Gongwei River. The Great Wall at the southern foot of Huanglong Mountain was built by Wei at the time of threat in the northern part of Hexi. The Great Wall at the western foot of Huanglong Mountain was built after Wei lost the western part of the river to cut off the route to the north of Qin. Fuxian the Great Wall was built by Wei in places such as Diaoyin to block the route of Qin Dong. Although these the Great Wall are built in different periods, the purpose of these the Great Wall is to control the traffic routes and the territorial security of the Wei Dynasty. Dali County, Pucheng County and Baishui County and the East Line of Huayin so-called "the Great Wall", in fact for the site wall. During the warring States period, the Great Wall adopted the principle of "taking measures according to local conditions and selecting materials locally", combining rammed walls with mountains and rivers, with artificial ramming on the basis of nature, with artificial foundation and crush trace in local areas. Rammed wall there are soil, soil color, plate difference. Walls and piers, beacons, barrier cities and other ancillary facilities constitute a three-dimensional defense system. The wall is multi-channel complex distribution and the number of ancillary facilities is small, the distance is far, and the scattered objects are not only the building characteristics of the Great Wall, but also the defensive characteristics of the Great Wall. "cut Luo" is when Qin Dynasty was forced to retreat to defend the Luohe River when the Wei forces moved westward, and shoveled it in part of the west bank of the Luohe River to make it steep to defend itself, not to rammed the earth wall along the whole line of the West Bank of the Luohe River. Diaoyin, Shaoliang, Luoyin and other cities are the main cities built by Wei in Hexi area. Diaoyin City is located in Gan Quan County Sigou River site area, Shaoliang City by the East, West Shaoliang two cities, Luoyin City is located in Dali County Shangyuan East Gaoyuan village west. They are part of the Weissi the Great Wall defense system.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K878

【参考文献】