论南京明代功臣墓石刻艺术

发布时间：2018-05-14 03:30

本文选题：明代 + 功臣墓　；参考：《中国国家博物馆馆刊》2014年11期

【摘要】：南京明代功臣墓石刻是指葬于南京的明初洪武年间功臣墓之神道石刻,它代表了明代初期雕塑的艺术成就,具有时代特征。其规制按照明初礼仪制度而建立,按照人臣墓的形制雕凿石刻,象征地位、礼仪、镇墓和融入人们的祈望。在艺术特色方面,功臣墓石刻继承了唐宋雕塑艺术的特点,形体塑造上用几何化的简略手法塑造雄浑豪迈又略显稚拙的形象,同时局部刻画十分精细,于精巧中追求气势。在写实的基础上,注重石人和石兽的神韵,并具有装饰精美的特征,同时吸收了民间艺术自然朴实的特点。雕凿手法丰富,虽是按照礼仪制度修建,但与明代帝陵相比其表现上略显自由些。明代功臣墓石刻规制的形成和豪放风格的产生与明代初期的社会状况以及统治者个人爱好是分不开的。
[Abstract]:The stone carvings of the Ming Dynasty meritorious officials' tombs in Nanjing refer to the Shinto stone carvings in the Hongwu tombs of the early Ming Dynasty, which represent the artistic achievements of the early Ming Dynasty sculptures and have the characteristics of the times. Its regulations were established in accordance with the etiquette system in the early Ming Dynasty, and carved stone carvings, symbolic status, etiquette, town tombs and people's wishes according to the shape of the tombs of people and ministers. In terms of artistic characteristics, the stone carvings inherited the characteristics of sculpture in Tang and Song dynasties, and the figures were shaped with the simple geometric techniques, and the images of the vigorous and heroic and a little childish and clumsy were created, while the local depictions were very fine, and they pursued the momentum in the exquisite. On the basis of realism, the author pays attention to the charm of stone man and stone beast, and has the characteristics of exquisite decoration and natural simplicity of folk art. Carving and chiseling techniques are rich, although built in accordance with the etiquette system, but compared with the Ming Dynasty imperial mausoleum performance slightly free. The formation of the rules and the bold style of the tomb stone carvings of the meritorious officials in the Ming Dynasty are inseparable from the social conditions in the early period of the Ming Dynasty and the personal interests of the rulers.
【作者单位】：南京晓庄学院美术学院;
【分类号】：K877.4

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