东汉时期河南地区出土多枝灯研究

发布时间：2018-12-06 08:59

【摘要】：多枝灯是古代灯具的一种,造型精美,形制复杂。本文尽可能收集已公开披露的有关多枝灯考古资料及中外博物馆藏品,进行全面梳理并结合文献资料对其深入研究。通过对东汉时期河南地区多枝灯形制的分类研究,分析多枝灯的模式化制作,并针对多枝灯的造型来源进行探讨。特别着重分析了多枝灯的性质功能以及多枝灯造型对后期宗教器物的影响,以此突显河南汉墓出土的多枝灯重要地位和深远影响。首先,根据东汉时期河南地区多枝灯的整体造型,托盘的有无,灯盏侧枝的繁简,以及底座造型的变化分为三式五型。其中,河南地区汉墓出土的多枝灯不仅形制复杂,装饰精美,而且较其他地区的灯具更具地方特色,是中原多枝灯的典型代表。其次,分析东汉时期河南汉墓出土的多枝灯造型来源,本文认为自古以来的树崇拜、神仙文化与多枝灯的造型有密切联系。通过对多枝灯的顶盏鸟饰品的考证,花叶的功能研究,进一步明确多枝灯的构件特征。针对河南东汉墓中出现的多枝灯的装饰与其墓葬中的其他明器如陶楼、陶井、博山炉相似。结合史料分析东汉时期河南地区的墓葬明器的模式化生产和消费途径以达到更深入的研究。再次,主要对东汉时期河南地区出土的多枝灯的性质探讨,东汉时期河南汉墓出土的多枝灯形制如树,装饰多贴塑羽人、仙物等。与此同时,在搜集的相关多枝灯的画像石、壁画以及漆画图像中,多枝灯的出现常伴随着西王母、仙人或神龙等祥瑞等形象,显示了东汉时期墓葬中的多枝灯是升仙的一种工具。在此基础上,本文首次以美术史的角度分析了河南地区汉墓出土的多枝灯的位置意义,将器物复原到当时的墓葬环境中,通过对东汉时期河南多枝灯的墓葬中的位置、观看方式以及设计意图反映出东汉时期河南地区的丧葬文化。并通过对道教灯仪与佛教的相关文献的考证,阐述后期的宗教器物对早期多枝灯的形制的吸收和利用,分析了河南地区多枝灯与宗教之间的互动关系。
[Abstract]:Multi-branch lamp is a kind of ancient lamps and lanterns, with exquisite shape and complicated shape. As far as possible, the archeological materials and the collections of Chinese and foreign museums, which have been publicly disclosed, are collected as far as possible, and combined with the literature, the author makes a thorough study of them. Based on the classification and study of the shape of multi-lamp in Henan area in the Eastern Han Dynasty, this paper analyzes the pattern making of multi-lamp, and probes into the source of modeling of multi-lamp. In particular, the nature and function of multi-lamp and the influence of multi-lamp modeling on later religious objects are analyzed, so as to highlight the important position and far-reaching influence of multi-lamp unearthed in Han Tomb of Henan Province. First of all, according to the whole modeling of multi-branch lamps in Henan area in the Eastern Han Dynasty, whether there is a tray, how to simplify the side branches of a lamp, and how to change the shape of the base, it can be divided into three types and five types. Among them, many lamps unearthed from Han tombs in Henan region are not only complicated in shape and exquisite in decoration, but also have more local characteristics than those in other areas, which is a typical representative of many lamps in the Central Plains. Secondly, this paper analyzes the origin of various lights unearthed from Han tombs in the Eastern Han Dynasty. The author thinks that the worship of trees since ancient times, the immortals culture and the modeling of multi-lanterns are closely related. Based on the textual research of the calyceal ornaments and the study of the function of the flowers and leaves, the characteristics of the components of the lanterns were further clarified. The adornment of many lamps in the tombs of the Eastern Han Dynasty in Henan Province is similar to other Ming objects in his tomb such as Tao Lou, Tao well and Bo Shan stove. Based on historical data, this paper analyzes the patterns of production and consumption of tombs in Henan during the Eastern Han Dynasty in order to achieve a more in-depth study. Thirdly, it mainly discusses the nature of many lamps unearthed in Henan area during the Eastern Han Dynasty. Many lamps unearthed in Han tombs in the Eastern Han Dynasty are shaped like trees, decorated with plastic plumes, immortals and so on. At the same time, in the collected images of stones, murals and lacquer paintings related to multiple lamps, the appearance of multiple lamps is often accompanied by the images of Xiwang mother, fairy or dragon, and so on. It shows that many lamps in the Eastern Han Dynasty tombs are a tool for raising the fairy. On this basis, this paper analyzes the position significance of many lamps unearthed from Han tombs in Henan Province from the angle of art history for the first time, and restores the objects to the burial environment of that time, through the position of the tombs of Henan Province in the Eastern Han Dynasty. The viewing style and design intention reflect the funeral culture in Henan during the Eastern Han Dynasty. Based on the textual research of Taoist lantern instrument and Buddhist literature, this paper expounds the absorption and utilization of early multi-lamp shapes of religious objects in the later period, and analyzes the interaction between multi-lamp and religion in Henan.
【学位授予单位】：上海大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K875.2

【参考文献】