甘肃省东乡县林家遗址保护规划研究

发布时间：2018-12-06 20:53

【摘要】：位于东乡族自治县的林家遗址是一处以马家窑文化马家窑类型为主,兼有齐家文化,同时含有汉代、唐代墓葬的大型聚落遗址。目前探明的遗址面积达37.42ha,主要分布在破四角、阴洼地、秋粮地三块台地。林家遗址内涵丰富,出土了3000多件珍贵文物,跨越史前、秦汉、唐宋诸朝代,历时5000多年。该遗址的发现对甘青地区马家窑文化、齐家文化、辛店文化的发展历史脉络与关系的研究意义非凡,在考古学界影响深远。林家遗址自从被发现以来,长期遭受各种各样的人为破坏和自然破坏,加之没有设置专职保护管理机构,其保存现状十分堪忧,保护规划编制工作迫在眉睫。本文以林家遗址作为研究对象,分析了当前世界上遗址主流的保护和展示现状,作为林家遗址保护规划工作的参考。文章对林家遗址的历史文化价值、本体保存现状、周边环境、交通现状、管理现状、利用现状等进行了评估,总结出遗址目前所面临的主要威胁。针对遗址的边坡问题,通过现场取样、室内实验、FLAC3D数值模拟等对不同条件下的边坡稳定性进行了分析。在完成对林家遗址充分评估的基础上,对林家遗址的保护规划和展示利用进行了探讨。得出以下结论:(1)林家遗址总体上保存现状较好,地下部分没有受到大的破坏和扰动,仅地表和近地表部位受到部分破坏。目前对遗址产生威胁的有非法盗掘,水对地下遗迹遗物的侵蚀,盐分的腐蚀作用,遗址边坡局部坍塌,平田整地改变遗址原有风貌,因道路、电力等基础设施建设在遗址区内开挖等诸多因素。(2)本文以林家遗址的本体保护和周边环境保护为核心,设置了林家遗址的保护范围、建设控制地带、环境协调区,确定了盗洞、坍塌边坡、排水沟、坟包、电线杆等的分布位置并对其数量进行了统计。针对盗洞、水分侵蚀、盐分腐蚀、边坡坍塌、平整土地、基础设施建设开挖等不同的病害类型提出了不同的保护防治措施,对遗址周边的环境整治工作给出了建议,同时确定了遗址后期的考古工作主要任务和研究方向。(3)在展示方面提出建立遗址公园,在保证遗址本体、遗迹、文物安全的前提下,对林家遗址的展示方式进行分区分类,主要展示方式有展厅展示、标示展示、陈列展示、体验展示和模拟展示等,并对林家遗址基础设施建设进行了规划;使林家遗址吸引世人的目光,将其璀璨的历史文化价值展现出来。
[Abstract]:Located in Dongxiang Autonomous County, Linjia site is a large settlement site with Majiayao culture as the main type and Qi family culture as well as Han Dynasty and Tang Dynasty tombs. At present, the area of the site is 37.42 ha. it is mainly distributed in three terraces: broken four corners, shady depressions and autumn grain. Linjia site is rich in connotation, unearthed more than 3000 precious cultural relics, spanning prehistoric, Qin, Han, Tang and Song dynasties, lasted for more than 5000 years. The discovery of the site is of great significance to the study of the historical context and relationship of Majiayao culture, Qijia culture and Xindian culture in Ganqing area, and has a profound impact on the archaeological circle. Since Linjia site was discovered, it has suffered a variety of man-made damage and natural destruction for a long time. In addition, it has not set up a full-time protection management agency, its conservation status is very worrying, protection planning work is urgent. This paper takes Linjia site as the research object, analyzes the current status of the protection and display of the mainstream sites in the world, and serves as a reference for the planning of the protection of the Linjia ruins. This paper evaluates the historical and cultural value of Linjia site, the status quo of its preservation, its surroundings, traffic, management and utilization, and summarizes the main threats to the site at present. The slope stability under different conditions was analyzed by site sampling, laboratory experiments and FLAC3D numerical simulation. Based on the full evaluation of Linjia site, the protection planning and demonstration utilization of Linjia site are discussed. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the status quo of Linjia site is generally good, the underground part is not damaged and disturbed, only the surface and near surface are partially destroyed. At present, those who threaten the site are illegal excavation, erosion of underground relics by water, corrosion of salt, partial collapse of site slopes, and leveling fields to change the original features of the site, because of the roads. Power and other infrastructure construction in the site excavation and other factors. (2) based on the protection of Linjia site and surrounding environment protection as the core, the establishment of Linjia site protection scope, construction control zone, environmental coordination area, The distribution of burglaries, collapsing slopes, drains, grave bags, telephone poles and so on is determined and the number of them is counted. Aiming at different types of diseases, such as burglaries, water erosion, salt corrosion, slope collapse, leveling of land and excavation of infrastructure facilities, the paper puts forward different measures to protect and control the environment around the site, and puts forward some suggestions for the environmental remediation work around the site. At the same time, the main tasks and research directions of the archaeological work in the later stage of the site are determined. (3) in the aspect of display, the establishment of the site park is proposed to ensure the safety of the site itself, remains and cultural relics. The display methods of Linjia site are classified into different areas, including exhibition hall, display, experience and simulation, and the construction of Linjia site infrastructure is planned. Linjia ruins attract the eyes of the world, its resplendent historical and cultural values show.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：K878

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