蚌埠双墩春秋一号墓出土彩陶器有机残留物初步研究

发布时间：2019-06-26 13:17

【摘要】：有机残留物分析是科技考古领域的一个重要研究方向。国内对残留物的研究还未形成完善的体系,只是分散的存在于各相关研究方向,比如大植物遗存、动物化石以及植物微体化石,如淀粉粒、孢粉、植硅石等,以及文物保护领域的一些颜料、胶黏剂等的研究。本文在借鉴国外研究基础上,梳理了残留物的种类、有机残留物的分析方法等,并以蚌埠双墩春秋一号墓出土彩绘陶器做案例,对有机不可见残留物进行分析,以期研究这种陶器的用途是否与医药相关等问题。本文主要采用的是气相色谱质谱法联用方法,并且对照了现代药材和古代陶片,对出土彩绘陶器的残留物进行了分析,虽然暂未得出一个令人满意的结果,但是对于药物残留物分析是一个有益的尝试。首先从文献调研出发,研究了有机残留物的原理,有机残留物研究在国内外的研究现状以及中药有效成分的提取方法,确定了实验方案,使用顶空进样法和超声波提取法进行了有机物的提取,采用的分析方法是气相色谱质谱联用法。本研究分析了方法的局限性,并大致分析了其中含有的有机物成分,虽然没有明确指出来源,但是说明这些成分可能是从植物材料中获得的。对研究古代药物的发展历史,以及研究春秋钟离国的文化,特别是医药的发展有重要的价值。
[Abstract]:The analysis of organic residues is an important research direction in the field of science and technology archaeology. The research on residues in China has not yet formed a perfect system, but scattered in various related research directions, such as large plant remains, animal fossils and plant microfossils, such as starch grains, sporopollen, phytolite and so on, as well as some pigments and stickers in the field of cultural relics protection. On the basis of foreign research, this paper combs the types of residues and the analysis methods of organic residues, and takes the painted pottery unearthed from Spring and Autumn No. 1 Tomb of Shuangdun in Bengbu as an example to analyze the organic invisible residues in order to study whether the use of this kind of pottery is related to medicine or not. In this paper, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to analyze the residues of painted pottery by comparing modern medicinal materials with ancient pottery. Although a satisfactory result has not been obtained yet, it is a useful attempt for the analysis of drug residues. Firstly, the principle of organic residues, the research status of organic residues at home and abroad and the extraction methods of effective components of traditional Chinese medicine were studied, and the experimental scheme was determined. The headspace injection method and ultrasonic extraction method were used to extract organic matter, and the analytical method was gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). In this study, the limitations of the method were analyzed, and the organic components contained in it were roughly analyzed. although the source was not clearly identified, it was suggested that these components might have been obtained from plant materials. It is of great value to the study of the development history of ancient drugs and the culture of leaving the country in the Spring and Autumn period, especially the development of medicine.
【学位授予单位】：中国科学技术大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K87

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