马克思与马尔库塞异化理论的比较研究

发布时间：2018-01-20 16:16

本文关键词： 异化理论马克思马尔库塞　出处：《大连理工大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：马克思异化理论从创立至今一直倍受关注,是学术界讨论的热点问题。西方马克思主义者以异化为中心概念对意识形态领域中的异化进行批判研究,建构了自己的异化理论。其中,法兰克福学派的代表人物——马尔库塞,是西方马克思主义者中研究异化问题的集大成者,虽然他的理论凸显了在资本主义工业社会中对人的深切关注和重视,含有一定合理成分,但是他的异化理论是抽象的、脱离物质基础与实践的,在一定程度上误读和曲解了马克思的异化理论,背离了马克思主义。本文通过运用对比分析法和历史与阶级的分析法相结合的研究方法,比较研究马克思与马尔库塞的异化理论。首先,在梳理马克思与马尔库塞异化理论的社会背景与理论渊源的基础之上,系统地概述两者异化理论的主要内容。其次,比较分析马克思与马尔库塞异化理论联系与差别,以批判资本主义制度、关注人的现实生存以及对未来社会的构想为视角分析两者异化思想的相似之处,从阶级立场、异化主体、异化表现及解决途径等四个维度阐释两者异化理论存在的差异,为本文研究奠定基础。最后,基于以上对比研究,站在马克思主义科学理论的立场上,对马尔库塞异化理论进行客观分析与评价。在正视其进步性的基础上,理清马尔库塞的理论失误,并结合马克思异化理论的积极因素,提出在当代社会要正确认识科学技术的双重作用、坚持物质文明与精神文明协调发展以及用历史的阶级分析方法研究西方社会科学等三点启示。本文在对比分析马克思与马尔库塞异化理论的联系与区别的基础之上,站在马克思主义立场上,探索性地提出比较研究马克思与马尔库塞异化理论对当代社会发展可借鉴的启示,有利于分析和理解今天资本主义社会,有助于我们在新的时代背景下更好地理解、坚持和发展马克思主义理论,彰显马克思主义理论的当代价值和解释力。
[Abstract]:Marx's theory of alienation from the founding has been paid much attention, is a hot issue in academic circles. The Marx doctrine alienation as the central concept of criticism on alienation in the field of ideology, to construct his theory of alienation. Among them, the representatives of the Frankfurt school, Marcuse, is a master of the study of alienation of Western Marx nationalists the winners, although his theory highlights in the capitalist industrial society deep concern and attention to people, contains some reasonable elements, but his theory of alienation is abstract, from the material basis and practice, misreading and misinterpretation of Marx's alienation theory in a certain extent, from the Marx doctrine.
In this paper, the combination of research methods through the analysis method using the methods of comparative analysis and historical and class phase, a comparative study of Marx and Marcuse's alienation theory. Firstly, based on the social background and theoretical origin of carding Marx and Marcuse's alienation theory, this paper summarizes the main contents of both the alienation theory systematically. Secondly, the comparative analysis of Marx and Marcuse the theory of alienation relation and difference, with the criticism of the capitalist system, pay attention to the human existence and the conception of future society from the perspective of the analysis of similarities between the two thoughts of alienation, alienation from class position, the main difference of alienation and solutions are four aspects both of the theory of alienation, to lay the foundation for this study. Finally, based on the above study, standing in Marx's scientific theory standpoint of Marcuse's alienation theory of objective Analysis and evaluation. Based on facing its progress on the theory of failure to clarify Marcuse, combined with the positive factors of Marx's alienation theory, put forward the dual role in contemporary society should have a correct understanding of science and technology, adhere to the coordinated development of material civilization and spiritual civilization and history class analysis method study of western social science three enlightenment.
Based on the analysis of the relation and difference between Marx and Marcuse's alienation theory based on the comparison, standing in Marx's position, put forward exploratory comparative study of reference and Enlightenment of Marx Marcuse's theory of alienation of contemporary social development, is conducive to the analysis and understanding of the capitalist society today, will help us in the new era a better understanding of the persistence and development of Marx theory, highlighting the contemporary value of Marx theory and interpretation.

【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：A811

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