列宁国家安全思想及现实启示

发布时间：2018-01-24 03:18

本文关键词： 列宁国家安全思想启示　出处：《山东师范大学》2014年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：国家安全是一个古老的概念，从人类进入阶级社会、国家诞生之日起，维护国家安全、维持国家统治秩序稳定就是国家的一个重要职能和一项重要议题。同时，国家安全又是一个不断与时俱进的崭新概念，随着人类实践活动的不断进步，国家安全的内涵也在不断发展。在时代发展瞬息万变、国际形势风云变幻的今天，国家安全的重要性更加凸显。作为马克思主义与俄国实际相结合的实践者、世界上第一个社会主义国家的开创者和列宁主义的缔造者，列宁有关国家安全的思想在国家安全研究领域占有重要地位。深入分析、研究和借鉴列宁国家安全思想，掌握其理论精髓，对于在新形势下维护我国国家安全、巩固人民民主专政的社会主义政权具有重要的指导意义。全文主要内容共分为五个部分：一、列宁国家安全思想的形成。列宁国家安全思想的产生是以俄国的自然环境、政治状况、经济状况、文化、教育情况、人口与社会阶层等基本国情确定的安全问题为基础，受当时宏观国际环境、苏维埃俄国的周边环境与地缘政治情况、苏联的外交活动以及十月革命后，苏俄的国内动荡局势等方面的深刻影响。是在汲取前人尤其是马克思和恩格斯关于国家安全相关论述基础上逐渐形成的。二、列宁国家安全思想的主要内容。通过镇压克伦斯基的反扑和科尔尼洛夫的叛乱，苏维埃政权得以巩固；同时列宁也充分认识到帝国主义国家对苏俄构成严重威胁，他带领人民打败了帝国主义发起的武装干涉，捍卫了国土安全；通过采取惩治盗窃、抢劫、破坏公共设施等各种社会犯罪活动，与小资产阶级自发势力作斗争、克服无产阶级队伍中无组织无纪律、涣散松懈等现象，维护了社会安全；列宁还恢复经济生产，改善民众生活，增强国防力量，，发展和加强与资本主义国家的经济联系，努力争取对苏俄有利的国际安全环境。三、列宁国家安全思想的实施措施。列宁组建一支党领导的人民军队，奠定国家安全柱石；设立全俄肃反委员会，同反革命和各种破坏现象作斗争；建设司法机构，实现依法维护国家安全；妥善处理各种社会矛盾，消除国家安全隐患；发展国民经济，夯实国家安全基础；建立国际革命力量联盟，构筑国家安全的外部屏障。四、列宁国家安全思想评析。列宁以马克思主义国家学说为指导，从俄国的实际出发，对维护苏维埃国家政权的安全进行了具有深远意义的探索。列宁的国家安全思想确保了十月革命的胜利成果，捍卫了苏维埃俄国的正当权益，确立了苏俄独立自主的国际地位，同时为落后国家维护国家安全提供了经验。但在今天看来，列宁的有些国家安全思想阶级性和政治性味道很浓，我们应当清醒地认识到，列宁的国家安全思想有其时代特质，要将列宁的思想观点放置于他所处于的历史时代背景下去考察其合理性并根据现实来发展列宁的国家安全思想。五、列宁国家安全思想的现实启示。列宁国家安全思想对维护我国的国家安全具有重要的指导意义。我们要始终把国家主权和安全放在第一位；要建设与国家安全相适应的巩固国防和强大军队；要坚持富国和强军相统一；要适应形势变化，树立总体国家安全观；加强国家安全教育，提高全民国家安全意识；加强政法队伍，特别是加强警察队伍建设，强化维护国家安全职责鉴于目前国内外学界对该问题研究成果较少，所以本文是首次对列宁国家安全思想进行较系统研究。对列宁国家安全思想的主要内容和维护国家安全的实施措施作了全面阐述，具有较强创新性和一定程度的开拓性。本文对列宁国家安全思想也作了较为客观的评析，既阐明了列宁国家安全思想的积极意义，又分析了列宁国家安全思想的特殊性，其特殊性也意味着在特殊历史条件下所具有的局限性。这些评析观点完全是作者经过研究而得出的独立见解。本文对列宁国家安全思想对我国的现实启示作了全面探讨，由此彰显了研究该课题的重要实践意义。我们要把国家主权和安全始终放在第一位，全方位、多层面地加强国家安全工作。本文在这方面也提出了一些有新意的建设性意见。
[Abstract]:National security is an ancient concept, from entering the class society, the national birth date, safeguarding national security, maintaining national ruling order stability is an important function of the state and an important issue. At the same time, the national security is a new concept of constantly advancing with the times, with the continuous progress of human practice the connotation of national security, is also growing. In the era of fast changing international situation, amidst the winds of change today, the importance of national security more prominent. As the Marx doctrine and the actual combination of practice, the founder of the first socialist country in the world and the founder of the Lenin doctrine, Lenin on national security thought occupies an important position in the research in the field of national security. The thorough analysis, study and draw lessons from the Lenin national security thought, grasp the essence of the theory, for the dimension in the new situation It is of great guiding significance to protect the national security of our country and consolidate the socialist political power of the people's democratic dictatorship.
The main content of the full text is divided into five parts:
A, the formation of Lenin's Thoughts on national security. Lenin's Thoughts on national security is in Russia's natural environment, political status, economic status, culture, education, population and social security issues to determine the basic conditions for the foundation, by the time the international macro environment, the surrounding environment and the Soviet Russia geopolitical situation, the Soviet Union the diplomatic activities and after the October revolution, the profound influence of the Soviet Union domestic unrest and other aspects. In the previous especially Marx and Engels on the basis of discussion gradually formed on national security.
Two, the main contents of Lenin's Thoughts on national security. Through repression of Kerensky's counterattack and Kornilov's rebellion, the Soviet regime was consolidated; Lenin is also fully aware of the imperialist countries pose a serious threat to the Soviet Union, he led the defeated imperialist launched the people's armed intervention, to defend the homeland security; by taking the punishment for theft, robbery. The destruction of public facilities and other social crimes, and petty bourgeoisie spontaneous forces struggle to overcome the proletariat indiscipline, lax lax phenomenon, the maintenance of social security; Lenin also restore economic production, improve people's livelihood, strengthen the national defense forces, to develop and strengthen economic ties with the capitalist countries, strive for the favorable international security environment.
Three, the implementation of measures of Lenin's Thoughts on national security. Lenin set up a party under the leadership of the people's army, established national security pillar; the establishment of the all Russian revolutionaries to fight anti Revolutionary Committee, and all kinds of failure phenomenon; construction of the judiciary, to achieve the maintenance of national security law; properly handle the various social contradictions, eliminate national security risks; national development the economy, lay a solid foundation for national security; the establishment of an international revolutionary forces alliance, to build a national security barrier outside.
Four, on Lenin's ideology of national security. Lenin in Marx's state theory as a guide, starting from the reality of Russia made far-reaching exploration on maintaining the Soviet state power safety. Lenin's thought of the national security to ensure the victory of the October revolution, to defend the legitimate rights and interests of Soviet Russia, the Soviet Union established international status independent, at the same time provide the experience for the backward countries to safeguard national security. But today it seems that some of Lenin's Thoughts on national security class and political taste is very strong, we should clearly understand that Lenin's thought of the national security has its own characteristics, the ideas of Lenin thought he had placed on the national security in the historical background on the rationality and the development of Lenin according to the reality.
Five, the practical enlightenment of Lenin's Thoughts on national security. The national security thought of Lenin has important guiding significance to safeguard our national security. We should always put the nation's sovereignty and safety in the first place; to construction and national security to consolidate national defense and a powerful army; adhere to the unity of the rich and strong army to adapt; the change of situation, establish the overall national security concept; strengthen national security education, raising awareness of national security; to strengthen the judicial ranks, especially to strengthen the police team construction, strengthen the maintenance of national security responsibilities
In view of the current domestic and foreign scholars on the research achievements are less, so this is the first systematic study on Lenin's ideology of national security. This paper expounds thoroughly the main contents of Lenin's Thoughts on national security and safeguarding national security measures, with strong innovation and pioneering to some extent.
Based on Lenin's ideology of national security has made an objective assessment, not only illustrates the positive significance of Lenin's Thoughts on national security, and analyzes the particularity of Lenin's Thoughts on national security, its particularity also means has limitations in the special historical conditions. The view is completely independent of the author through research and insights come.
This paper makes a comprehensive study on the realistic enlightenment of Lenin s ideology of national security in our country, which highlights the important practical significance to research the issue. We should put the national sovereignty and security has always been in the first place, all-round, multi-level work to strengthen national security. The paper also puts forward some constructive suggestions on the new this.

【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：A821

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