马克思生态环境思想及其当代价值

发布时间：2018-02-20 16:22

本文关键词： 马克思生态环境生态学马克思主义生态文明　出处：《辽宁大学》2014年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：20世纪中叶，生态恶化对人类生存所造成的严重威胁首先在发达的资本主义国家显露出来，在没有得到有效遏制的情况下，如今已经滋长蔓延为全球性的生态危机。我国与世界其他国家一样遭遇生态问题的困扰，这既有自身历史的原因，也受世界环境的影响。以往一段时间里，很多地区、国家乃至国际社会为了应对生态危机而更新观念，制定政策，采取措施，但取得的效果都是暂时的、局部的，这不能说与其缺少一种世界观与方法论意义上正确思想的指导无关。因此深入研究和全面阐发马克思关于“人和自然界之间、人和人之间矛盾的真正解决”①的思想，使其最大程度地产生时代回响，就不仅具有寻幽探胜的理论价值，而更具有解危济困的现实意义。本文借鉴了西方与国内生态学马克思主义的研究成果，，但目的并非仅仅对之拾遗补缺，而是尝试采取更为可靠的方法，力求得出更为科学的结论。本文在理论构架上，对于马克思生态环境思想，既纵向地梳理其形成的历史，也横向地阐释其丰厚的内涵；既有中外相关理论发展线索的衔接，也格外注重马克思主义中国化的内在逻辑，以此经纬交织地呈现出马克思生态环境思想生成和演进的格局。除绪论外论文分为三个部分：第一部分考察了马克思生态环境思想的理论渊源和现实基础，即马克思生态环境思想形成的历史背景。这一部分明确了马克思生态环境思想的形成，一方面是批判地继承了古代、近代关于人与自然关系的思想的精华，另一方面针对当时资本主义生产方式所造成的人与自然关系的紧张状况，以此证明了这一思想的科学性和有效性。第二部分从理论上归纳总结马克思生态环境思想的内容、特征及其在马克思理论体系中的地位。这部分是论文的重点与核心，也是论文的主要创新之处。马克思生态思想的内容首先从“生态环境”概念着手，将生态环境与人的关系、与历史的关系进行哲理上的论证，形成马克思生态环境思想的理论内容框架。同时，马克思生态思想本身所具有的系统性、实践性以及人本性，是马克思生态环境思想特征的深刻反映。这些特征再一次证明马克思生态环境思想对于当今时代的重要意义。另外，马克思生态环境思想的地位是通过分析马克思著作中贯穿始终的生态思想反映出来。马克思生态环境思想既坚持唯物论、辩证法，又能从对生产力和社会关系等方面的分析中表现出来，充分说明马克思生态思想在马克思理论体系中占有重要地位。第三部分阐述了马克思生态环境思想的当代价值。首先，通过对西方生态学马克思主义的解构与分析，深刻理解马克思生态环境思想在现代西方的运用与发展。从另一个角度证明了西方马克思主义将马克思生态理论应用于现实问题的批判当中，获得了重要影响和成效，对于马克思主义当代化具有特殊的贡献。其次，从马克思生态环境思想与中国的具体实践相结合的视角,论述了自建国以来马克思生态环境思想中国化发展轨迹及所形成的理论成果，对于建设美丽中国具有重要的理论和实践指导意义。同时分析了在建设中国特色社会主义生态文明道路上，要充分发挥中国特色社会主义制度的优越性，在维护本国生态环境安全的同时要处理好与他国之间的关系。本文从理论与现实的视角，多维诠释了马克思生态环境思想的全貌，以此来证明马克思生态环境思想的科学性与指导性，并由此来说明在国家层面上，社会主义国家生态建设在经济社会发展中的重要性。尤为关键的是，在这场生态运动中，中国特色社会主义制度建设与生态建设契合起来是中国解决生态危机的出路，而中国对生态问题的解决必将在整个世界起到示范与表率的作用。
[Abstract]:The middle of the twentieth Century, the ecological deterioration caused by a serious threat to human survival first revealed in the developed capitalist countries, the situation has not been effectively curbed, has now spread to the global ecological crisis. China suffered ecological problems with other countries in the world, this is not only because of their own history, but also affected by the environment of the world. In the past period of time, many parts of the country and the international community to deal with the ecological crisis and new ideas, policies, measures, but the effect is temporary, partial, this cannot be said of its lack of a kind of world outlook and methodology significance to correct ideological guidance therefore in-depth study and comprehensive analysis about Marx "between human and nature, really solve the contradiction between the people" thought, the maximum time of echo estate, The theory of value is not only a bit of exploring, and has more practical significance to get relief.
This paper draws on research results of domestic and western ecology of the Marx doctrine, but the purpose is not only to Shiyibuque, but try to take a more reliable method to draw a more scientific conclusion. Based on the theoretical framework, the Marx thought of ecological environment, both vertically combed its formation history, but also horizontally interpretation its rich connotation; both the cohesion theories development clue, pays special attention to the internal logic of the Marx doctrine of Chinese, which interweave showing Marx thought of ecological environment formation and evolution pattern. Besides the introduction this paper is divided into three parts:
The first part examines the theoretical origin of Marx thought of ecological environment and realistic foundation, namely the formation of Marx's thought of ecological environment and historical background. This part clarifies the formation of Marx's thought of ecological environment, on the one hand is critically inherited the ancient and modern about human and nature relations thought essence, on the other hand the tense situation aiming at the production form of capitalism at that time the relationship between man and nature, in order to prove the scientific nature and the validity of this idea.
The second part summarizes the contents of Marx thought of ecological environment in theory, characteristics and status in the system of Marx's theory. This part is the focus of this article, the main innovation of this thesis is the content of Marx's ecological thought. First from the "ecological environment" concept, the relationship between the ecological environment and people, the philosophical the demonstration and the history of the theory, content framework for the formation of Marx thought of ecological environment. At the same time, the system of Marx ecological thought itself has the practical and human nature, it reflects characteristics of Marx thought of ecological environment. These features proved once again that Marx thought of ecological environment has important significance in today's era. In addition, Marx thought of ecological environment status is through the analysis of Marx's works through the ecological thought always reflected. Marx's ecological ring It's not only adherence to materialism, dialectics, but also from the analysis of productivity and social relations, which fully shows that Marx's ecological thoughts play an important role in Marx's theoretical system.
The third part expounds the contemporary value of Marx thought of ecological environment. Firstly, through the deconstruction and analysis of Western Marx doctrine ecology, application and development of the deep understanding of Marx thought of ecological environment in the modern West. From another point of view that the western Marx doctrine critical application of Marx ecological theory on the practical problems which gained important the impact and effectiveness, has a special contribution to the contemporary Marx doctrine. Secondly, from the practice of Marx thought of ecological environment and the Chinese integration perspective, discusses the theoretical achievements since the founding of the Marx thought of ecological environment Chinese development path and form, has important theoretical and practical significance for the construction of the beautiful Chinese at the same time. The analysis in the construction of socialism Chinese characteristics of ecological civilization on the road, we should give full play to the main features of the social China The superiority of the righteous system should deal with the relations with other countries while maintaining the security of the country's ecological environment.
This paper from the theoretical and practical perspective, multi-dimensional interpretation of Marx thought of ecological environment of the whole scientific and guidance in order to prove that Marx thought of ecological environment, and thus to explain at the national level, the importance of ecological construction of socialist countries in the economic and social development. The key point is that in the field of ecological movement the socialist system, Chinese construction and ecological construction is China together to solve the ecological crisis and the way out, Chinese on ecological problems will solve the demonstration and exemplary role in the whole world.

【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：A811

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