列宁“异体问责”思想及其中国化研究

发布时间：2018-02-28 08:33

本文关键词： 列宁“异体问责”思想我国异体问责制发展　出处：《浙江理工大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：十月革命胜利后，列宁针对严峻的国内外局势，创立了以人民群众监督为基础，以法律监督为保障，以舆论监督为支撑的“异体问责”思想。为了使其思想得以落实，列宁进行了艰辛的探索。由于特定的历史环境以及一些主客观因素的影响，列宁“异体问责”思想的实施虽然在一定程度上抑制了腐败，但是实践的效果远没有达到预期的目标。这促使今后的社会主义国家理性对待其思想。我国主要领导人继承和发展了列宁“异体问责”思想，逐渐形成了具有中国特色的异体问责制度。从整体来看，我国的异体问责是一个完善的运行机制，不仅包括问责制度建设，而且包含问责程序构建和问责文化重塑。在新的历史背景下，我国在辩证对待列宁“异体问责”思想的基础上，提出了具有可操作性的实践措施。其一，深化列宁“异体问责”思想，强化人大问责、健全司法问责，以权力制约权力；其二，发展列宁“异体问责”思想，完善人民群众问责、加强民主党派问责、促进舆论问责，以权利监督权力；其三，克服列宁“异体问责”思想的局限，提升问责程序立法的法律位阶、构建完善的问责程序，以程序规制权力；其四，弥补列宁“异体问责”思想的不足，让官员在心理上做好问责的准备、增强人民群众的问责意识，，以文化约束权力。本文主要采用历史分析法和文献研究法。在对列宁“异体问责”思想及其中国化理论和实践进行分析的基础上，一方面吸收列宁“异体问责”思想的合理内核，另一方面克服列宁“异体问责”思想的历史局限性，并反思其在实践中存在的不足，同时结合我国异体问责制的理论发展与实践状况，找到符合国情的完善措施。
[Abstract]:After the victory of the October Revolution, Lenin, in view of the grim situation at home and abroad, established the idea of "heterogeneous accountability" based on the supervision of the masses of the people, guaranteed by law and supported by supervision by public opinion. Lenin made an arduous exploration. Because of the specific historical environment and some subjective and objective factors, the implementation of Lenin's thought of "alien accountability" has to some extent restrained corruption. However, the effect of practice was far from achieving the desired goal. This prompted future socialist countries to treat their ideas rationally. The main leaders of our country inherited and developed Lenin's idea of "alien accountability." The allogeneic accountability system with Chinese characteristics has gradually formed. On the whole, the allogeneic accountability system in our country is a perfect operating mechanism, which includes not only the construction of the accountability system, Under the new historical background, on the basis of the dialectical treatment of Lenin's thought of "heterogeneous accountability", China has put forward practical measures with maneuverability. Deepening Lenin's thought of "alien accountability", strengthening the accountability of the people's Congress, improving judicial accountability, and restricting power with power; second, developing Lenin's idea of "alien accountability", perfecting the people's accountability, strengthening the accountability of democratic parties, and promoting public opinion's accountability. The third is to overcome the limitation of Lenin's thought of "heterogeneous accountability", to raise the legal rank of the legislation of accountability procedure, to construct perfect accountability procedure, and to regulate the power by procedure. To make up for the deficiency of Lenin's thought of "alien accountability", to make officials prepare for it psychologically, to strengthen the people's sense of accountability, and to restrain power by culture. This paper mainly adopts the method of historical analysis and literature research. On the basis of analyzing Lenin's thought of "alien accountability" and its theory and practice in China, on the one hand, it absorbs the reasonable core of Lenin's thought of "alien accountability". On the other hand, it overcomes the historical limitation of Lenin's thought of "alien accountability", and reflects on its shortcomings in practice. At the same time, combining with the theoretical development and practical situation of foreign accountability system in our country, it finds out the perfect measures which are in line with the national conditions.
【学位授予单位】：浙江理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：A821

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