马克思对黑格尔市民社会理论的批判及其当代价值

发布时间：2018-03-02 02:29

本文关键词： 马克思黑格尔市民社会当代价值　出处：《广西师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：“市民社会”作为一个历史性范畴,其发展在不同历史时期有不同的特点。整个西方思想史中,很多思想家都提出了不同的市民社会的理论。亚里士多德、托马斯·阿奎纳、洛克、亚当·弗格森等人,主要从政治生活和文明社会的角度考察和定义市民社会。但真正具有划时代意义的则是黑格尔的市民社会思想。黑格尔从伦理学发展的角度出发并在《法哲学原理》中具体论述了关于市民社会的理论,把市民社会和政治国家分为两个范畴。黑格尔看到了家庭、市民社会和政治国家是三个彼此独立又具有联系。因此,他开创性地把市民社会从国家中分离出来,并提出了现代意义上的市民社会理论。在此基础之上,马克思又结合历史实践,对黑格尔的市民社会理论做了一定程度的批判和整体意义超越。马克思他在借鉴传统市民社会理论和黑格尔市民社会理论的基础上,提出了自己的市民社会理论。马克思研究了市民社会与政治国家的关系,认为市民社会决定政治国家;马克思还指出了市民社会的本质,认为商品经济的发育和成长是市民社会的存在基础,市民社会本质上是一种物质交往关系。马克思揭示了市民社会存在的种种异化现象,提出必须超越市民社会,建立实现人自由全面发展的理想社会。将马克思有关市民社会理论的著作进行梳理概括,对于了解马克思“市民社会”思想的发展历程有了清晰的脉络。以此为基础之上分别从市民社会的意识形态上的批判、市民社会与国家关系的批判以及对私有财产的批判三个方面展开对马克思市民社会理论的思想特质展开详尽而具体的论述。将市民社会与人的理论、解放的理论和唯物史观的关系作以进一步揭示。从而建当代中国的市民社会做理论的准备。提出了当代中国市民社会完善的基本思路,这就从现实的角度为进一步发展与建设我国的市民社会指明道路和方向。
[Abstract]:As a historical category, the development of "civil society" has different characteristics in different historical periods. Throughout the history of western thought, many thinkers have put forward different theories of civil society. Aristotle, Thomas Aguiner. Locke, Adam Ferguson, and others, It is mainly from the angle of political life and civilized society to examine and define civil society. But what really has epoch-making significance is Hegel's civil society thought. The theory of civil society is discussed in detail. Divide the civil society and the political state into two categories. Hegel sees the family, the civil society and the political state are three independent and connected. Therefore, he pioneered the separation of civil society from the state. And put forward the theory of civil society in the modern sense. On this basis, Marx combined with historical practice, He criticized Hegel's civil society theory to a certain extent and transcended its overall significance. Marx drew lessons from the traditional civil society theory and Hegel's civil society theory. Marx studied the relationship between civil society and the political state, and believed that civil society determines the political state. Marx also pointed out the essence of civil society. It is believed that the development and growth of commodity economy is the basis of the existence of civil society, and that civil society is essentially a kind of material communication relationship. Marx revealed various alienation phenomena of civil society, and put forward the necessity of surpassing civil society. To establish an ideal society for the free and all-round development of human beings. To understand the development course of Marx's thought of "civil society" has a clear thread. On this basis, respectively from the ideological criticism of civil society, The critique of the relationship between the civil society and the state and the criticism of the private property develop the detailed and concrete discussion on the ideological characteristics of Marx's civil society theory. The relationship between liberation theory and historical materialism can be further revealed. Thus, the civil society in contemporary China is to be prepared theoretically, and the basic idea of perfecting civil society in contemporary China is put forward. This shows the way and direction for the further development and construction of our civil society.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：A81

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