马克思社会正义思想的历史演变与当代语境

发布时间：2018-04-20 09:28

本文选题：马克思 + 社会正义　；参考：《南京大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着社会主义和谐社会建设的稳步推进,社会正义问题得到了全社会的高度重视。在诸多关于正义问题的阐释中,马克思的社会正义思想既极具特色又具有理论指导性,它以深邃的历史视角、科学的理论支撑和强烈的现实关切,为我们展开了社会正义思想的历史演变与当代语境。马克思社会正义思想的形成渊源既有来自自然法学派和德国哲理法学派的理论铺垫,也有马克思身处的时代背景和革命活动的实践影响。从早期的诉求到后来的批判,马克思对社会正义的理解和阐述发生过深刻的变化。在对拉萨尔等资产阶级学者的社会正义思想进行批判的过程中,马克思对社会正义的内涵进行了全新的阐释,首次把社会正义从至高无上的价值领域拉回了受社会生产制约的意识层面,恢复了社会正义范畴的本来面貌。唯物史观的确立,推动了马克思社会正义思想逐渐走向成熟。在马克思看来,只有从根本上变革资本主义社会的生产方式,才能进入超越正义的共产主义社会,最终真正实现社会正义。马克思对社会正义的思考和理解,是一个层层深入的历史演变过程,它符合马克思整体思想的变化轨迹。从论证过程来看,马克思运用了他最擅长的论证方法——通过“批判旧世界来发现新世界”。对拉萨尔等资产阶级学者的社会正义观的批判,是成熟时期马克思社会正义思想的主要内容。与此同时,马克思通过对共产主义社会两个阶段的描述,展现了一个超越正义的社会形态。如果说批判是马克思社会正义思想的精神实质,那么超越和发现才是马克思社会正义思想的根本旨趣。在当代语境下,继承和发展马克思的社会正义思想,对解决当前我国面临的社会正义问题,进一步推动和谐社会建设有着重要的现实意义和借鉴作用。我们必须在马克思社会正义思想的指导下,积极探索和思考构建社会主义和谐社会的有效路径。
[Abstract]:With the steady development of socialist harmonious society, the problem of social justice has been attached great importance to by the whole society. In many interpretations of justice, Marx's thought of social justice has its own characteristics and theoretical guidance. It has a profound historical perspective, scientific theoretical support and strong practical concern. For us, the historical evolution and contemporary context of the thought of social justice have been carried out. The origin of Marx's social justice thought is not only from the theory of natural law school and German philosophy law school, but also from the background of Marx's times and the practical influence of revolutionary activities. From the early appeal to the later criticism, Marx's understanding and elaboration of social justice has undergone profound changes. In the process of criticizing the social justice thought of LaSalle and other bourgeois scholars, Marx explained the connotation of social justice completely. For the first time, social justice is brought back to the level of consciousness restricted by social production from the supreme field of value, and the original appearance of the category of social justice is restored. The establishment of historical materialism promotes Marx's thought of social justice to mature gradually. In Marx's view, only by fundamentally changing the mode of production of capitalist society can we enter a communist society that transcends justice and finally realize social justice. Marx's thinking and understanding of social justice is a deep historical evolution process, which accords with the changing track of Marx's whole thought. In the process of argumentation, Marx used his best method of argumentation-to discover the new world by criticizing the old world. The criticism of social justice of LaSalle and other bourgeois scholars is the main content of Marx's social justice in mature period. At the same time, Marx showed a social form beyond justice by describing the two stages of communist society. If criticism is the spiritual essence of Marx's social justice thought, transcending and discovering is the fundamental purport of Marx's social justice thought. In the contemporary context, inheriting and developing Marx's thought of social justice has important practical significance and reference function to solve the problem of social justice faced by our country and to further promote the construction of harmonious society. Under the guidance of Marx's thoughts of social justice, we must actively explore and think about the effective way to construct a harmonious socialist society.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：A811

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