马克思社会有机体理论对构建和谐社会的实践意义

发布时间：2018-06-06 14:06

本文选题：马克思 + 社会　；参考：《河北师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：社会有机体是指以生产实践为基础的各个社会层次，各种社会因素和关系有机联系而又相互制约构成的社会整体。社会有机体形成于人的实践和交往活动中，是一种具有自我意识的有机体，其再生和更新的内在机制是物质生产，精神生产和人自身生产的统一。社会有机体思想的原型，即把社会同生物有机体相类比的思想可以追溯到古代社会。马克思在不断批判的继承前人研究成果的基础上，提出人类社会是以实践为基础，以人为主体的一个能不断自我更新的有机整体。这种从总体上把握人类社会的结构和功能，以及其作为整体系统发展规律的理论，对于构建社会主义和谐社会的伟大进程具有重要的理论意义和实践意义。 “和谐社会”在马克思、恩格斯关于未来社会的理论中，是在批判地吸收了空想社会主义者的合理思想成分后形成的。他们所创立的科学社会主义更加肯定地主张未来和谐社会应在人与人、人与社会、人与自然之间形成一种和谐的关系。构建社会主义和谐社会理论不仅继承和发展了马克思主义经济思想，而且有机地融合了人类社会的人文精神，吸收了不同学说、不同学派特别是现代经济科学的思想，反映了马克思主义经济理论的核心价值观。党的十六届四中全会提出“构建社会主义和谐社会”，胡锦涛在报告指出，要“形成全体人民各尽其能、各得其所而又和谐相处的社会”，“要适应我国社会的深刻变化，把和谐社会建设摆在重要位置，注重激发社会活力，促进社会公平和正义”。这是我国未来社会发展的总体思路，它充分体现了以和谐思想进一步促进改革开放、以人的全面发展促社会全面发展、以经济和谐促政治和谐的新思路、新举措。在这一总体思路下，，我国的社会主义改革将全面实现人与自然、人与人、人与社会的和谐共存、和谐共生、和谐共处、和谐共荣。本文共分为四章：第一章，本章主要追溯了马克思社会有机体理论形成的理论渊源及形成过程，介绍了亚里士多德、康德、黑格尔、孔德、斯宾塞的有关有机体的思想，及对马克思的影响。第二章，本文从马克思经典著作的文本研究探讨了马克思社会有机体理论的内涵及其本质特征，重点介绍了马克思有机体理论的创新之处。第三章，本章主要分析了制约我国社会主义和谐社会发展的因素，并运用马克思社会有机体理论进行分析，使两者紧密的相结合。第四章，本章遵循马克思社会有机体理论的原则，为我国社会主义和谐社会的构建提出合理的建议。
[Abstract]:Social organism refers to the whole society which is composed of various social levels, various social factors and relations, which are based on production practice. Social organism is a kind of self-conscious organism formed in human's practice and communication activities. The internal mechanism of its regeneration and renewal is the unity of material production, spiritual production and human own production. The archetype of the thought of social organism, that is, the thought of analogy between society and biological organism, can be traced back to ancient society. On the basis of inheriting the previous research achievements, Marx put forward that the human society is an organic whole which can constantly renew itself on the basis of practice and human being as the main body. This theory of grasping the structure and function of human society as a whole and its law of development as a whole has important theoretical and practical significance for the great process of building a harmonious socialist society. In Marx's and Engels' theory on the future society, "harmonious society" was formed after critically absorbing the rational ideological elements of utopian socialists. The scientific socialism established by them holds that the harmonious society in the future should form a harmonious relationship between man and man, between man and society, and between man and nature. The theory of building a socialist harmonious society not only inherits and develops Marxist economic thoughts, but also organically integrates the humanistic spirit of human society and absorbs different theories, especially the thoughts of modern economic science. It reflects the core values of Marxist economic theory. The fourth Plenary session of the 16th CPC Central Committee proposed "building a harmonious socialist society." in the report, Hu Jintao pointed out that "all the people should form a society where they can do their best and live in harmony with each other" and "should adapt to the profound changes in our society." Put the construction of harmonious society in an important position, pay attention to stimulate social vitality, promote social fairness and justice. This is the general idea of the future social development of our country. It fully embodies the new ideas and measures of promoting the reform and opening up with the idea of harmony, promoting the all-round development of society with the all-round development of human beings, and promoting political harmony with economic harmony. Under this general idea, the socialist reform of our country will realize the harmonious coexistence, coexistence and prosperity of man and nature, man and man, man and society in an all-round way. This paper is divided into four chapters: The first chapter mainly traces the theoretical origin and formation process of Marx's social organic theory, and introduces Aristotle, Kant, Hegel, Conde and Spencer's thoughts on organism and their influence on Marx. In the second chapter, this paper discusses the connotation and essential characteristics of Marx's social organic theory from the textual study of Marx's classic works, and introduces the innovation of Marx's organic theory. In the third chapter, the author analyzes the factors restricting the development of socialist harmonious society in our country, and makes use of Marx's theory of social organism to combine the two closely. Chapter four, following the principles of Marx's theory of social organism, puts forward reasonable suggestions for the construction of socialist harmonious society in our country.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：A811

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