恩格斯历史“合力论”研究

发布时间：2018-07-06 19:18

本文选题：恩格斯 + 历史唯物主义　；参考：《上海师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：马克思恩格斯创立了历史唯物主义，将唯心主义从历史领域驱逐了出去，确立了唯物史观的科学地位，摆脱了近代西方哲学的思维方式，实现了哲学方法论上的彻底性转变，为我们理解、运用恩格斯历史“合力论”提供了一个独特视角，有助于利用历史唯物主义的基本原理，发掘科学认识历史发展进程的方法论准则。恩格斯历史“合力论”不仅具有丰富的理论价值，而且对构建社会主义和谐社会有重要的指导意义。本文共分为四章：第一章，考察了恩格斯历史“合力论”思想的理论渊源。通过对十八世纪以爱尔维修为代表的思想家历史动力思想早期形态的论述，揭示了合力思想最初的理论雏形；然后介绍了十九世纪空想社会主义者的历史动力思想，接着阐述了黑格尔史动力思想，他的思想实现了传统历史观的重大突破，但也存在自身的致命缺陷，即唯心主义历史观。这为马克思恩格斯的再次突破——创立唯物史观提供了历史使命。第二章，阐述了恩格斯历史“合力论”的发展历程。从历史“合力论”的形成、成熟及发展来分析这一理论的逻辑生成，叙述恩格斯历史“合力论”发展成熟的历程与轨迹。第三章，论述了恩格斯历史“合力论”的主要内容。从人类历史的发展遵循特殊的自然规律、经济因素对历史发展归根到底起决定作用、各因素“相互作用”推进人类历史发展以及历史子系统对人类历史发展具有能动作用四方面来阐述“合力论”的主要内容。第四章，，探讨了恩格斯历史“合力论”的当代意义，有利于澄清对恩格斯历史“合力论”的误读；有利于丰富和发展马克思主义社会系统论；有利于充分发挥每个社会成员意志的作用而使其得到自由而全面的发展；有利于从社会、经济、政治和文化建设方面构建社会主义和谐社会。
[Abstract]:Marx and Engels created historical materialism, expelled idealism from the historical field, established the scientific status of historical materialism, got rid of the thinking mode of modern western philosophy, and realized the thorough transformation of philosophical methodology. It provides a unique angle of view for us to use Engels' theory of "resultant force" in history, which is helpful to explore the methodological criteria of scientific understanding of the process of historical development by using the basic principles of historical materialism. Engels' historical theory of resultant force not only has rich theoretical value, but also has important guiding significance for the construction of socialist harmonious society. This paper is divided into four chapters: the first chapter examines the theoretical origin of Engels'theory of resultant force. By discussing the early forms of thinkers' historical motive thought represented by Helvetius in the 18th century, this paper reveals the initial theoretical embryonic form of the thought of resultant force, and then introduces the historical motive thoughts of the utopian socialists in the nineteenth century. Then it expounds Hegel's thought of history motive force, his thought has realized the great breakthrough of the traditional view of history, but also has its own fatal defect, that is, the idealism view of history. This provides a historical mission for Marx and Engels to break through again-to create historical materialism. The second chapter expounds the development course of Engels'theory of resultant force. This paper analyzes the logical formation of this theory from the formation, maturity and development of historical "resultant force theory", and narrates the course and track of Engels' historical "resultant force theory". Chapter three discusses the main contents of Engels'theory of resultant force. Since the development of human history follows the special laws of nature, economic factors play a decisive role in the final analysis of historical development. This paper expounds the main contents of the theory of resultant force from the four aspects of "interaction" of various factors to promote the development of human history and the dynamic effect of historical subsystem on the development of human history. The fourth chapter discusses the contemporary significance of Engels' historical "resultant force theory", which is helpful to clarify the misreading of Engels' historical "resultant force theory", to enrich and develop Marxist social system theory. It is advantageous to give full play to the role of the will of each social member and to make it develop freely and comprehensively, and to construct a harmonious socialist society from the aspects of social, economic, political and cultural construction.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：A811

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