马克思恩格斯环境伦理思想及其在当代中国的发展
发布时间：2018-07-20 20:31
【摘要】：20世纪后期,环境污染、资源短缺、生态破坏等环境问题日益严重,群众性的环境保护运动蓬勃兴起。在这种历史背景下,环境伦理学应运而生,成为近几十年来学术界最前沿也最有活力的新兴研究领域。以环境伦理为问题域,人类思想史上所有具有重大影响的资源都被重新过滤,其中就包括马克思主义理论。然而,在过去,社会主义国家在马克思主义环境理论上的努力是极不充分的。更让人忧心的是,过去一个相当普遍的看法是：19世纪的马克思主义无法解决20世纪后期凸显的环境问题。有人甚至还把马克思主义当作“人类中心主义”的代表和造成环境问题的思想根源。在国内学术界,学者们更热衷于谈论西方环境伦理学或者中国古代环境伦理思想,而对马克思主义环境伦理思想关注甚少。所以,研究马克思主义环境伦理思想是一项十分迫切而又必要的工作。本文的主要目的就是进行这方面的尝试。限于篇幅,本文主要研究马克思恩格斯环境伦理思想及其在当代中国的发展。 本文参照当代环境伦理学研究的基本问题以及新动向,将人与自然的伦理关系和以自然为中介的人与人的伦理关系界定为马克思主义环境伦理思想的问题域,拓宽了研究视野。全文共七个部分,包括导言、正文五章和结束语。导言交代本文论题研究的历史背景和问题域,阐明本文论题研究的目的和意义,介绍国内外相关研究的现状,在此基础上,明确本文的研究思路和研究方法。第一章“马克思恩格斯环境伦理思想的历史演进”,按照唯物史观的发展逻辑,从人与自然的关系和环境正义两个方面阐述了马克思恩格斯环境伦理思想的萌芽、发展、深化的三个阶段,以及每个阶段的主要概况。第二章“马克思恩格斯环境伦理思想的多重解读”,主要从人化自然观、物质变换论、社会生态学三个方面来阐发马克思恩格斯环境伦理思想的意蕴,以体现其伦理学与经济学的统一、价值批判与制度批判的统一。第三章“马克思恩格斯环境伦理思想在当代中国的发展”,结合我国社会主义建设的实践,阐述了建国以后中国共产党领导人尊重自然规律、追求可持续发展以及为人民利益服务的环境伦理观。第四章“当代中国环境伦理的理论建构”,针对西方环境伦理学的基本概念,坚持运用马克思主义理论探讨当代中国环境伦理思想的建构,主张正确把握人的主体性、承认自然的多重价值、追求环境正义。第五章“当代中国环境伦理的实践途径”,主要从认识国情、加强德育、完善法治三个方面,探讨了当代中国环境伦理思想的实践经验和具体做法,并要求培养具有生态文明观念的生态公民。结束语概括了本文的基本观点,指出为了促进当代中国环境伦理学的健康发展,必须辩证地看待马克思恩格斯环境伦理思想、西方环境伦理学和中国古代环境伦理思想,以马克思主义指导环境伦理思想的创新。
[Abstract]:In the late twentieth Century, environmental problems, such as environmental pollution, shortage of resources, ecological destruction and other environmental problems were increasingly serious, and the mass environmental protection movement was flourishing. Under this historical background, environmental ethics came into being, and became the forefront and the most dynamic research field in the academic circles in recent decades. The environmental ethics is the problem domain and the history of human thought. All the resources of great influence have been re filtered, including Marx's theory. However, in the past, the efforts of socialist countries in the theory of Marx's environment were very inadequate. The more worrying of the past is that the nineteenth Century Marx doctrine could not solve the late twentieth Century. Some people even regard Marx doctrine as the representative of "Anthropocentrism" and the ideological root of environmental problems. In the domestic academia, scholars are more interested in talking about western environmental ethics or ancient Chinese environmental ethics thought, and little attention to Marx's environmental ethics. The study of Marx's environmental ethics is a very urgent and necessary work. The main purpose of this article is to make an attempt in this aspect. In this paper, the paper mainly studies the environmental ethics of Marx and Engels and its development in contemporary China.
This paper, referring to the basic problems and new trends in the study of contemporary environmental ethics, defines the ethical relationship between man and nature and the ethical relationship between human and human being mediated by nature as the domain of Marx's environmental ethics, which broadens the research field of view. The full text consists of seven parts, including the introduction, the five chapters and the end of the text. In this paper, the historical background and the problem domain, the purpose and significance of the thesis are clarified, the present situation of relevant research at home and abroad is introduced, and on this basis, the research ideas and methods of this article are clarified. The first chapter, "the historical development of Marx and Engels's environmental ethics thought", according to the development logic of historical materialism, from man and self There are two aspects of the relationship between Marx and Engels's environmental ethics, the three stages of the development and deepening of environmental ethics, and the main outline of each stage. The second chapter "the multiple interpretation of Marx and Engels's environmental ethics", mainly from the three aspects of human nature, material transformation, and social ecology. The implication of Marx and Engels's environmental ethics is to embody the unity of ethics and economics, the unity of value criticism and system criticism. The third chapter, "the development of Marx and Engels's environmental ethics in contemporary China", combined with the practice of socialist construction in China, expounds the respect of the leaders of the Communist Party of China after the founding of the people's Republic of China. The fourth chapter, "the theoretical construction of contemporary China's environmental ethics", aims at the basic concept of western environmental ethics, insisting on the use of Marx doctrine to explore the construction of contemporary China's environmental ethics, advocating the correct grasp of the subjectivity of human beings and acknowledges self recognition. The fifth chapter "the practical way of environmental ethics in contemporary China", mainly from the understanding of the national conditions, the strengthening of moral education and the improvement of the rule of law in three aspects, discussed the practical experience and practice of the contemporary Chinese environmental ethics thought, and asked for the cultivation of ecological citizens with the concept of ecological civilization. The basic point of view is to point out that in order to promote the healthy development of contemporary China's environmental ethics, Marx and Engels's environmental ethics should be viewed dialectically, western environmental ethics and Chinese ancient environmental ethics thought, and the innovation of environmental ethics guided by Marx's doctrine.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：B82-058;A811
[Abstract]:In the late twentieth Century, environmental problems, such as environmental pollution, shortage of resources, ecological destruction and other environmental problems were increasingly serious, and the mass environmental protection movement was flourishing. Under this historical background, environmental ethics came into being, and became the forefront and the most dynamic research field in the academic circles in recent decades. The environmental ethics is the problem domain and the history of human thought. All the resources of great influence have been re filtered, including Marx's theory. However, in the past, the efforts of socialist countries in the theory of Marx's environment were very inadequate. The more worrying of the past is that the nineteenth Century Marx doctrine could not solve the late twentieth Century. Some people even regard Marx doctrine as the representative of "Anthropocentrism" and the ideological root of environmental problems. In the domestic academia, scholars are more interested in talking about western environmental ethics or ancient Chinese environmental ethics thought, and little attention to Marx's environmental ethics. The study of Marx's environmental ethics is a very urgent and necessary work. The main purpose of this article is to make an attempt in this aspect. In this paper, the paper mainly studies the environmental ethics of Marx and Engels and its development in contemporary China.
This paper, referring to the basic problems and new trends in the study of contemporary environmental ethics, defines the ethical relationship between man and nature and the ethical relationship between human and human being mediated by nature as the domain of Marx's environmental ethics, which broadens the research field of view. The full text consists of seven parts, including the introduction, the five chapters and the end of the text. In this paper, the historical background and the problem domain, the purpose and significance of the thesis are clarified, the present situation of relevant research at home and abroad is introduced, and on this basis, the research ideas and methods of this article are clarified. The first chapter, "the historical development of Marx and Engels's environmental ethics thought", according to the development logic of historical materialism, from man and self There are two aspects of the relationship between Marx and Engels's environmental ethics, the three stages of the development and deepening of environmental ethics, and the main outline of each stage. The second chapter "the multiple interpretation of Marx and Engels's environmental ethics", mainly from the three aspects of human nature, material transformation, and social ecology. The implication of Marx and Engels's environmental ethics is to embody the unity of ethics and economics, the unity of value criticism and system criticism. The third chapter, "the development of Marx and Engels's environmental ethics in contemporary China", combined with the practice of socialist construction in China, expounds the respect of the leaders of the Communist Party of China after the founding of the people's Republic of China. The fourth chapter, "the theoretical construction of contemporary China's environmental ethics", aims at the basic concept of western environmental ethics, insisting on the use of Marx doctrine to explore the construction of contemporary China's environmental ethics, advocating the correct grasp of the subjectivity of human beings and acknowledges self recognition. The fifth chapter "the practical way of environmental ethics in contemporary China", mainly from the understanding of the national conditions, the strengthening of moral education and the improvement of the rule of law in three aspects, discussed the practical experience and practice of the contemporary Chinese environmental ethics thought, and asked for the cultivation of ecological citizens with the concept of ecological civilization. The basic point of view is to point out that in order to promote the healthy development of contemporary China's environmental ethics, Marx and Engels's environmental ethics should be viewed dialectically, western environmental ethics and Chinese ancient environmental ethics thought, and the innovation of environmental ethics guided by Marx's doctrine.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：B82-058;A811
【参考文献】
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